Table 1 Characteristics of included observational studies measuring risk of ASD and ADHD with antidepressant exposure in pregnancy
Study [Reference] | Primary study design | Number of children | Number of cases | Case definition | Data source, country (period) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Autism spectrum disorder | |||||
Boukhris 2015 [16] | Cohort | 145,456 | 1054 | ICD-9, ICD-10 | Quebec pregnancy children’s cohort, Canada (1998–2009) |
Brown 2017 [25] | Cohort | 35,906 | 394 | ICD-9, ICD-10 | Administrative databases, Ontario, Canada (2002–2010) |
Castro 2016 [18] | Case–control | 4650 | 1245 | ICD-9 | Massachusetts General Hospital, USA (1997–2010) |
Clements 2015 [17] | Case–control | 5399 | 1377 | ICD-9 | Massachusetts General Hospital, USAa (1997–2010) |
Croen 2011 [26] | Case–control | 1805 | 298 | ICD-9 | Kaiser Permanente, USA (1995–1999) |
El Marroun 2014 [19] | Cohort | 5976 | Not reported | *CBCL 1.5–5, SRS | Generation R study, Netherlands (2002–2006) |
Eriksson 2012 [27] | Case–control | 173,577 | 187 | Clinical diagnosis | Stockholm, Sweden (2002–2006) |
Gidaya 2014 [28] | Case–control | 57,365 | 5215 | ICD-10 | Danish Civil Registration System, Denmark (1996–2006) |
Harrington 2014 [29] | Case–control | 966 | 492 | ADI-R/ADOS | Charge study, USA (2003–2010) |
Hviid 2013 [30] | Cohort | 626,875 | 3892 | ICD-10 | Danish Civil Registration System, Denmark (1997–2005) |
Malm 2016 [31] | Cohort | 64,754 | 307 | ICD-10 | National registers, Finland (1996–2010) |
Rai 2013 [32] | Case–control | 47,706 | 4429 | ICD-9, ICD-10 | Regional administrative registries, Sweden (2001–2007) |
Sorensen 2013 [33] | Cohort | 655,615 | 5437 | ICD-8, ICD-10 | Danish Civil Registration System, Denmark (1996–2006) |
Sujan 2017 [34] | Cohort | 1,580,629 | 14,617 | ICD-9, ICD-10 | National administrative registries, Sweden (1996–2012) |
Viktorin 2017 [35] | Cohort | 179,007 | 1641 | ICD-10 | National administrative registries, Sweden (2006–2007) |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | |||||
Castro 2016 [18] | Case–control | 5498 | 1701 | ICD-9 | Massachusetts General Hospital, USA (1997–2010) |
Clements 2015 [17] | Case–control | 7874 | 2243 | ICD-9 | Massachusetts General Hospital, USAa (1997–2010) |
Figueroa 2010 [36] | Case–control | 38,572 | 431 | ICD-9 | Marketscan, USA (1997–2006) |
Laugesen 2013 [37] | Cohort | 877,778 | 12,841 | ICD-8, ICD-10 | Danish Civil Registration System, Denmark (1996–2009) |
Malm 2016 [31] | Cohort | 64,754 | 514 | ICD-10 | National registers, Finland (1996–2010) |
Man 2017 [38] | Cohort | 190,618 | 5659 | ICD-9 | Clinical Data Analysis & Reporting System, Hong Kong (2001–2009) |
Sujan 2017 [34] | Cohort | 1,580,629 | 32,924 | ICD-9, ICD-10 | National administrative registries, Sweden (1996–2012) |