Differential relationship between waist circumference and mortality according to age, sex, and body mass index in Koreans with age of 30–90 years; a nationwide health insurance database study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study subjects

	Men		Women		p value
	(N = 4,845,863)		(N = 3,950,896)		p value
Age (years)	47.8	± 12.2	51.6	± 11.9	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m²)	24.2	± 3.0	23.6	± 3.2	< 0.001
WC (cm)	84.0	± 7.6	77.4	± 8.6	< 0.001
Systolic BP (mm Hg)	125.2	± 14.4	121.3	± 15.9	< 0.001
Diastolic BP (mm Hg)	78.4	± 9.8	75.1	± 10.2	< 0.001
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	100.5	± 26.8	96.5	± 22.0	< 0.001
TC (mg/dL)	196.5	± 41.3	199.5	± 42.4	< 0.001
HDL-C (mg/dL)	53.3	± 31.6	59.2	± 34.8	< 0.001
LDL-C (mg/dL)	117.3	± 135.9	121.0	± 98.6	< 0.001
AST(IU)	28.0	± 27.6	23.7	± 22.2	< 0.001
ALT(IU)	30.3	± 31.4	21.0	± 23.1	< 0.001
Smoking history (%)
Never	30.0		95.4		< 0.001
Past	26.9		1.6		< 0.001
Current	43.1		3.0		< 0.001
Alcohol (%)
0 serving/week	32.9		78.4		< 0.001
1–2 servings/week	44.6		18.2		< 0.001
≥ 3 servings/week	22.5		3.4		< 0.001
Exercise (%)
0 session/week	51.3		63.2		< 0.001
1–2 sessions/week	28.4		18.5		< 0.001
≥ 3 sessions/week	20.3		18.3		< 0.001
Charlson Comorbidity Index score: 0 (%)	22.9		13.0		< 0.001

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD or percentage. p values were calculated by an independent two-sample t test or Pearson’s chi-square test. For Charlson Comorbidity Index score, 0 means that the subject is without any comorbidity
BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, BP blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase