Effect of 24-month physical activity on cognitive frailty and the role of inflammation: the LIFE randomized clinical trial

Table 2 Effect of physical activity on cognitive frailty using ordinal logistic regression models

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
Primary analysis
Physical activity vs. health education	0.79 (0.64–0.98)	0.032	0.79 (0.64–0.98)	0.030	0.80 (0.65–0.97)	0.026
Higher IL-6 vs. lower IL-6	–	–	1.11 (0.89–1.37)	0.357	1.09 (0.89–1.33)	0.400
Secondary analysis
Physical activity vs. health education	0.77 (0.62–0.95)	0.015	0.77 (0.62–0.95)	0.014	0.77 (0.63–0.95)	0.012
Higher IL-6 vs. lower IL-6	–	–	1.13 (0.91–1.40)	0.260	1.11 (0.91–1.36)	0.301

The 1164 participants who had baseline data on cognitive frailty and IL-6 and follow-up data on cognitive frailty were included
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, IL-6 interleukin-6
Ordinal logistic regression was used as described in the Method section. For the primary analysis, ordinal variable 1 was created by assigning 0 for no cognitive frailty (i.e., non-frail without mild cognitive impairment [MCI]), 1 for pre-frail without MCI, 2 for frail without MCI, 3 for non-frail with MCI, 4 for pre-frail with MCI, and 5 for cognitive frailty (i.e., frail with MCI). For the secondary analysis, ordinal variable 2 was created by assigning 2 for non-frail with MCI and 3 for frail without MCI while the other values remained unchanged
Model 1 adjusted for intervention, field center, sex, and baseline levels for cognitive frailty
As the interaction between intervention groups and IL-6 subgroups was not statistically significant (P for interaction = 0.919 for primary analysis and 0.936 for secondary analysis), it was not included in Model 2
Model 3 adjusted for the same covariates as in Model 2 but weighted for the inverse probability of remaining in the study

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