Table 5 Risk factors in malaria infected asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals in both districts combined in 2015
| Â | Healthy, malaria-negative controls**** | Asymptomatic PCR positive | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Symptomatic RDT positive | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 2938 (100%) | 53 (100%) | – | 743 (100%) | – | 1 (Ref) |
Male | 1202 (41%) | 29 (55%) | 1 (Ref) | 476 (64%) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
Female | 1736 (59%) | 24 (45%) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.0) | 267 (36%) | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.5) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.6) |
Slept under net—yes* | 2062 (70%) | 33 (62%) | 1 (Ref) | 286 (38%) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
Slept under net—no | 876 (30%) | 20 (38%) | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.5) | 457 (62%) | 3.8 (3.2 to 4.5) | 4.8 (3.9 to 6.0) |
IRS—yes ** | 2059 (70%) | 43 (81%) | 1 (Ref) | 492 (66%) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
IRS—no | 879 (30%) | 10 (19%) | 0.5 (0.3 to 1.0) | 251 (34%) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.4) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.5) |
No travel last month | 2658 (90%) | 50 (94%) | 1 (Ref) | 347 (47%) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
Travel inside Zanzibar last month | 233 (8%) | 2 (4%) | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.5) | 34 (5%) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.6) |
Travel outside Zanzibar last month | 47 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1.1 (0.1 to 5.3) | 362 (49%) | 59.0 (43.1 to 82.5) | 70.2 (50.0 to 100.6) |
No travel outside Zanzibar last year*** | 2811 (97%) | 51 (98%) | 1 (Ref) | No data | – | – |
Travel outside Zanzibar last year | 80 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 0.7 (0.1 to 5.1) | No data | – | – |