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Table 2 The association of 3-year cognitive decline with subsequent 3-year mortality among 11,732 community-dwelling Chinese older people

From: Cognitive decline and mortality among community-dwelling Chinese older people

Model

Cognitive decline HR (95%CI)

Continuous

Categorical*

Rate of change in MMSE score†

Improvement

Stable

Slow decline

Rapid decline

P for trend

Model 1‡

1.06 (1.05–1.07)

1.01 (0.91–1.13)

Reference

1.00 (0.89–1.12)

1.56 (1.40–1.73)

< 0.0001

Model 2§

1.08 (1.07–1.09)

0.99 (0.81–1.10)

Reference

1.05 (0.94–1.18)

1.65 (1.48–1.84)

< 0.0001

Model 3¶

1.11 (1.10–1.12)

0.92 (0.82–1.02)

Reference

1.11 (0.99–1.25)

1.75 (1.57–1.95)

< 0.0001

  1. Abbreviations: HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination
  2. Note: Number of deaths/person years for each category of cognitive decline: 1340/10205, 461/4192, 814/7309 and 1638/6208
  3. *Improvement—rate of change in MMSE score less than zero; stable—rate of change in MMSE score equal to zero; slow decline—rate of change in MMSE score greater than zero but equal to or less than the median of the rate of change showing decline; rapid decline—rate of change in MMSE score greater than the median of the rate of change showing decline
  4. †Rate of change in MMSE score = (baseline MMSE score − final MMSE score)/the interval between two examinations (years)
  5. ‡Age and sex were adjusted
  6. §Cohort, education, occupation, type of residence, marital status, co-residence, smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, body mass index and psychological distress were additionally adjusted
  7. ¶Baseline MMSE score was additionally adjusted
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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