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Table 2 Leeds data: Agreement between admissions and cases with coding combinations with short admissions, readmission and elective admissions removed

From: ‘Caveat emptor’: the cautionary tale of endocarditis and the potential pitfalls of clinical coding data—an electronic health records study

Codes used Removal of admissions with:
< 3 day LOS Readmissions < 30 days Elective status True positive False positive True negative False negative Sensitivity Specificity PPV NPV
I33.0 primary only     433 97 1664 568 0.43 0.95 0.82 0.75
I33.0 primary only ✓    431 67 1694 570 0.43 0.96 0.87 0.75
I33.0 primary only ✓ ✓   426 65 1696 575 0.43 0.96 0.87 0.75
I33.0 primary only ✓ ✓ ✓ 406 57 1704 595 0.41 0.97 0.88 0.74
All primary codes     562 178 1583 439 0.56 0.90 0.76 0.78
All primary codes ✓    559 114 1647 442 0.56 0.94 0.83 0.79
All primary codes ✓ ✓   552 111 1650 449 0.55 0.94 0.83 0.79
All primary codes ✓ ✓ ✓ 529 96 1665 472 0.53 0.95 0.85 0.78
I33.0 in any position     549 162 1599 452 0.55 0.91 0.77 0.78
I33.0 in any position ✓    547 125 1636 454 0.55 0.93 0.81 0.78
I33.0 in any position ✓ ✓   540 117 1644 461 0.54 0.93 0.82 0.78
I33.0 in any position ✓ ✓ ✓ 514 102 1659 487 0.51 0.94 0.83 0.77
All primary and I33.0 secondary     669 242 1519 332 0.67 0.86 0.73 0.82
All primary and I33.0 secondary ✓    666 172 1589 335 0.67 0.90 0.80 0.83
All primary and I33.0 secondary ✓ ✓   658 163 1598 343 0.66 0.91 0.80 0.82
All primary and I33.0 secondary ✓ ✓ ✓ 629 141 1620 372 0.63 0.92 0.82 0.81
All codes except I38 secondary     697 299 1462 304 0.70 0.83 0.70 0.83
All codes except I38 secondary ✓    694 209 1552 307 0.69 0.88 0.77 0.84
All codes except I38 secondary ✓ ✓   686 196 1565 315 0.69 0.89 0.78 0.83
All codes except I38 secondary ✓ ✓ ✓ 653 168 1593 348 0.65 0.91 0.80 0.82
All codes     738 943 818 263 0.74 0.47 0.44 0.76
All codes ✓    735 573 1188 266 0.73 0.68 0.56 0.82
All codes ✓ ✓   726 538 1223 275 0.73 0.69 0.57 0.82
All codes ✓ ✓ ✓ 693 487 1274 308 0.69 0.72 0.59 0.81
  1. Note: Total number of clinically confirmed endocarditis cases = true positives + false negatives (1001); total number of endocarditis admissions = sum of all four columns (2762)
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