Fig. 6
Estimates of the potential causal effect of age at menarche on adult standardized lung function measurements. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; FEV1, forced expiratory volume at 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; UKBB, UK Biobank. The results display the change in the ranked-based inverse normal transformed spirometry measurements per year decrease in age at menarche. The spirometry measurements were standardized by age, height, smoking status, and genomic principal components. The analysis in SpiroMeta included 79,055 individuals of European ethnicity. For the SpiroMeta consortium, the main analysis included 328 autosomal SNPs in the genetic risk score for age at menarche, while the sensitivity analysis excluding all SNPs related to childhood and/or adult BMI included 200 autosomal SNPs