Fig. 1

The diagnostic workflow of colposcopy clinic based on AI-guided digital colposcopy. Note: with abnormal screening results following cytology or HPV testing, women are generally referred to colposcopy clinic for AI-guided digital colposcopy evaluation, including biopsy spots as shown in green outline, and possibilities of cervical lesions. And the diagnostic results are later confirmed by pathology for the decision of clinical management (either immediate treatment or follow-up). During colposcopy examination, five sequential colposcopy images are captured and transmitted to one of two available clinical applications: (1) AI local server that is suitable for areas with poor network conditions and (2) AI Cloud that is for areas with good internet access. Both can provide a real-time response as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for colposcopists after they uploaded their colposcopic images to AI local server or the cloud platform. It also represents a useful training tool for new colposcopists. This Figure was created by the authors