Table 5 Input parameters used to model costs. Up-front costs were modelled for the inhaled oxytocin product only. All costs are in 2017 USD
| Â | Bangladesh | Ethiopia | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | Source | Value | Source | |
Intervention up-front costs | ||||
Advocacy costsa | $ 321,105 | MoH informant | $ 80,563 | MoH informant |
Up-front training costsa | $ 96,255 | MoH informant and health sector plan [16] | $ 39,531 | MoH informant |
Health worker training costs (per facility)a | $ 226 | Health sector plan [16] | $ 324 | MoH informant |
Number of facilities providing delivery care for each delivery setting | ||||
Setting 1 | 78 | 95 | EmONC assessment 2016 [17] | |
Setting 2 | 471 | 3567 | EmONC assessment 2016 [17] | |
Setting 3 | 1828 | N/Ab | Â | |
Ongoing PPH prevention costs | ||||
Drug cost (per dose) | ||||
Injectable oxytocin | $ 0.34c | Drug administration informant | $ 0.37d | Public supply agency informant |
Misoprostol | $ 0.34e | Drug administration informant | $ 0.60f | International drug price indicator |
Inhaled oxytocin | $ 0.50g | Assumption | $ 0.50g | Assumption |
Disposal costs (per 100 doses) | ||||
Injectable oxytocin | $ 1.33 | Sarker et al. 2015 [43] | $ 0.28 | Sarker et al. 2015 [43] |
Misoprostol | $ - | Assumption | $ - | Assumption |
Inhaled oxytocin | $ 1.42 | Sarker et al. 2015 [43] | $ 0.42 | Sarker et al. 2015 [43] |
Wastage rates | ||||
Injectable oxytocin | 5% | Pecenka et al. 2017 [44] | 5% | Pecenka et al. 2017 [44] |
Misoprostol | 5% | Vlassoff et al. 2016 [45] | 5% | Vlassoff et al. 2016 [45] |
Inhaled oxytocin | 7% | Local clinicians | 7% | Local clinicians |
PPH treatment costs | ||||
% of PPH cases after a facility birth that receive treatmenth | 90% | Assumption | 90% | Assumption |
% of PPH cases after a home birth that seek treatment in a facilityh | ||||
Public | 32.8% | BMMS 2016 [13] | 50.5% | Worku et al. 2013 [46] |
Private | 44.1% | BMMS 2016 [13] | 1.6% | Worku et al. 2013 [46] |
Average length of hospital stay | ||||
Mild | 2 days | Hospital administrators | 2 days | Hospital administrators |
Severe | 5 days | Hospital administrators | 5 days | Hospital administrators |
Cost of treating mild PPHa | ||||
Public | $79 | Hospital administrators and clinicians | $31 | Akalu et al. 2012 [31] Pearson et al. 2011 [32] Lara et al. 2007 [33] |
Private | $122 | Hospital administrators and clinicians | $73 | Akalu et al. 2012 [31] Pearson et al. 2011 [32] Lara et al. 2007 [33] |
Cost of treating severe PPHa | ||||
Public | $176 | Hospital administrators and clinicians | $199 | Akalu et al. 2012 [31] Pearson et al. 2011 [32] Lara et al. 2007 [33] |
Private | $272 | Hospital administrators and clinicians | $356 | Akalu et al. 2012 [31] Pearson et al. 2011 [32] Lara et al. 2007 [33] |