Table 1 Patient characteristics

Age

Mean(± SD)

75.78 (± 8.84)

75.70 (± 9.85)

0.03

0.01

Median

77

77

Age distribution (%)

18–36

0.09

0.19

37–54

2.14

3.22

55–72

27.53

27.43

73+

70.24

69.16

Female sex (%)

52.02

53.00

− 0.07

− 0.02

CHA₂DS₂-VASc score

Mean (± SD)

4.45 (± 1.70)

4.39 (± 1.77)

0.12

0.04

Median

4

4

CHA₂DS₂-VASc score distribution (%)

0–1

3.77

5.29

2–3

25.12

25.28

4–5

44.74

43.23

6–7

22.41

22.02

8–9

3.96

4.18

Charlson Comorbidity Index

Mean (± SD)

2.92 (± 2.63)

2.84 (± 2.63)

0.09

0.03

Median

2

2

Charlson Comorbidity Index distribution (%)

0–4

76.76

77.66

5–9

20.91

20.03

10–15

2.24

2.24

15+

0.16

0.14

Number of distinct prescriptions (ATCs)

Mean (± SD)

12.50 (± 5.72)

12.43 (± 5.78)

0.05

0.01

Median

12

11

Number of prescriptions (ATCs)

Mean (± SD)

35.43 (± 21.17)

34.88 (± 21.43)

0.08

0.03

Median

31

30

Number of diagnoses (ICD codes)

Mean (± SD)

28.21 (± 15.39)

27.97 (± 15.52)

0.04

0.02

Median

26

25

Prescribed medicines (%)

Antiarrhythmic agents

90.47

90.41

0.01

0.00

Antihypertensive drugs

80.94

80.39

0.06

0.01

Antiplatelet drugs

25.14

25.56

− 0.03

− 0.01

Corticosteroids (systemic use)

14.83

15.09

− 0.03

− 0.01

Fondaparinux

0.78

0.68

0.02

0.01

Heparins

27.02

23.44

0.36

0.07

Insulin

10.98

10.57

0.04

0.01

Lipid-lowering agents

47.61

46.35

0.09

0.03

NSAIDs

40.00

40.79

− 0.05

− 0.02

Oral anti-diabetic drugs

20.12

20.09

0.01

0.00

Peptic ulcer/reflux disease

49.88

50.32

− 0.04

− 0.01

SSRIs

5.39

5.62

− 0.04

− 0.01

Comorbidities (%)

Alcohol abuse/addiction

2.33

2.42

− 0.02

− 0.01

Bleeding extracerebral

5.53

5.11

0.05

0.02

Bleeding GI

5.81

5.68

0.02

0.01

Bleeding intracerebral

0.45

0.48

− 0.02

0.00

Cancer

19.77

19.80

0.00

0.00

Coagulopathy

1.81

1.63

0.03

0.01

Congestive heart failure

28.97

27.18

0.12

0.04

COPD

16.04

15.79

0.02

0.01

Coronary heart disease

40.67

38.72

0.13

0.04

Diabetes

38.69

37.84

0.05

0.02

Diverticulitis

10.66

10.80

− 0.01

0.00

Embolism systemic

0.80

0.70

0.03

0.01

Embolism venous

5.15

4.75

0.05

0.02

Esophageal varices

0.21

0.21

0.00

0.00

Hypertension

88.14

87.79

0.05

0.01

Ischemic stroke

8.62

8.41

0.02

0.01

Liver disease

13.48

13.31

0.02

0.00

Nicotine use/dependence

4.44

4.51

− 0.01

0.00

Renal disease

14.88

13.31

0.12

0.04

Upper GI

25.97

26.25

− 0.03

−  0.01

Vascular disease

21.99

21.54

0.04

0.01

Vascular dementia

1.87

1.99

− 0.05

− 0.01

Venous malformation

1.85

1.64

0.04

0.02