Table 1 Study characteristics of the 28 included studies for the detection of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Author, country [Ref.] | Study design | Study setting | Marker (assay) | Patient population | Control population | Age and sex | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient | Control | ||||||
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction | |||||||
Arques, EU [33] | Cross-sectional | Secondary | BNP (FEIA) | Hospitalised AF and DOE patients (N = 22) | Hospitalised AF patients with NCD (N = 19) | 84.3 ± 5.2 y; 68% F | 83.6 ± 5.1 y; 47% F |
Arques, EU [32] | Cross-sectional | Secondary | BNP (FEIA) | AMB DOE Cath referrals (N = 15) | AMB DOE Cath referrals (N = 11) | 58 (48–67) y; 27% F | 57 (54–66) y; 55% F |
Borlaug, USA [37] | Cross-sectional | Tertiary | BNP (unknown) | AMB Cath referrals (N = 32) | AMB Cath referrals with NCD (N = 23) | 65 ± 13 y; 72% F | 47 ± 17 y; 65% F |
Martos, EU [38] | Cross-sectional | Tertiary | BNP (FEIA) | AMB HTN patients (N = 33) | AMB HTN patients (N = 20) | 72 ± 11 y; 47% F | 64 ± 10 y; 25% F |
Mason, EU [63] | Case-control | Primary | BNP (FEIA) and NT-proBNP | Care home residents (N = 57) | Care home residents (N = 308) | 84.2 ± 7.2 y; 74% F* | |
Watson, EU [64] | Case-control | Tertiary | BNP (FEIA) | AMB patients (N = 75) | AMB HFrEF patients (N = 75) | 75 ± 7 y; 41% F | 70 ± 11 y; 27% F |
Zordoky, CA [65] | Case-control | Tertiary | BNP (FEIA) and NT-proBNP | AMB patients (N = 24) | Healthy controls (N = 38) | 67.5 (17.3) y; 25% F | 61.5 (15.3) y; 52.6% F |
Baessler, EU [34] | Cross-sectional | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | Obese patients (N = 88) | Obese patients (N = 119) | 50.3 ± 7.3 y; 55% F | 41.7 ± 12.1 y; 73% F |
Barroso, EU [35] | Cross-sectional | Secondary | NT-proBNP | AMB patients (N = 77) | AMB controls (N = 55) | 73 (68–77) y; 59.7% F | 54 (48–61) y; 37.3% F |
Berezin, EU [36] | Cross-sectional | Secondary | NT-proBNP | Hospitalised suspected HF patients (N = 79) | Hospitalised HFrEF patients (N = 85) | 54.8 ± 6.6 y; 53.2% F | 57.5 ± 6.7 y; 42.4% F |
Celik, EU [59] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB DHF patients (N = 71) | Controls (N = 50) | 57.1 ± 7.4 y; 63.4% F | 56.2 ± 7.0 y; 58% F |
Cui, AS [60] | Case-control | Secondary | NT-proBNP | AMB patients (N = 172) | Random AMB controls from same hospital (N = 30) | 73 ± 9.2 y; 55.8% F | 67 ± 4.8 y; 40% F |
Cui, AS [31] | Case-control | Secondary | NT-proBNP (ELISA) and MRproANP | Hospitalised patients (N = 65) | Age- and sex-matched hospitalised CVD patients (N = 75) | 69 ± 14 y; 50.8% F | 66 ± 11 y; 50.7% F |
Kim, AS [61] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB patients with DD (N = 228) | AMB patients with silent DD (N = 180) | 68.3 ± 11.4 y; 61% F | 62.3 ± 12.2 y; 58.3% F |
Liu, AS [62] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP (ELISA) | AMB chronic HFpEF patients (N = 50) | Healthy controls (N = 50) | 64.3 ± 5.7 y; 46% F | 63.8 ± 6 y; 54% F |
Nikolova, USA [75] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB patients (N = 52) | Healthy controls (N = 52) and controls with HF risk factor (N = 52) | 57 ± 15 y; 37% F | Healthy/HF risk factor: |
52 ± 6 y; 37% F | |||||||
52 ± 9 y; 37% F | |||||||
Polat, EU [66] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP (ELISA) | AMB HFpEF patients (N = 44) | AMB patients without HF (N = 38) | 60 ± 6.8 y; 45.5% F | 57 ± 9 y; 47.4% F |
Reddy, USA [39] | Cross-sectional | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB HFpEF patients (N = 267) | AMB patients with NCD (N = 147) | 68 ± 11 y; 61% F | 56 ± 15 y; 59% F |
Sanders-van Wijk, EU [40] | Cross-sectional | Secondary | NT-proBNP | AMB patients (N = 112) | AMB HFrEF patients (N = 458) | 80 ± 7 y; 64% F | 76 ± 7 y; 33% F |
Santhanakrishnan, AS [67] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB HF patients (N = 50) | Healthy controls (N = 50) | 69 ± 12 y; 42% F | 63 ± 8 y; 54% F |
Shuai, AS [68] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB patients (N = 45) | AMB HTN patients and healthy controls (N = 53) | 68 ± 12 y; 55% F | Not reported |
Sinning, EU [41] | Cross-sectional | Primary | NT-proBNP | Random residents (N = 70) | Random residents with HFrEF(N = 38) | 67 (62–72) y; 50% F | 64 (57.8–70.0) y; 21.1% F |
Stahrenberg, EU [69] | Case-control | Primary | NT-proBNP | AMB CHF patients (N = 85) | Healthy controls (N = 188) | Not reported | 56 (52–63) y; 66% F |
Toma, CA [70] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP (RAMP) | AMB patients (N = 21) | AMB HFrEF patients (N = 48) | 70 (16) y; 52.4% F | 66 (13.7) y; 27.1% F |
Wang, AS [42] | Cross-sectional | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB HTN patients (N = 68) | AMB HTN patients (N = 39) | 68 ± 10 y; 54.1% F | 60 ± 12 y; 33.3% F |
Wong, AS [71] | Case-control | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | AMB HF patients (N = 30) | Healthy controls (N = 30) | 64.1 ± 9.1 y | 65.9 ± 6.7 y |
Wong, AS [58] | Cross-sectional | Tertiary | NT-proBNP | Cohort 1 + 2: AMB patients (N = 68 + N = 179) | Cohort 1 + 2: AMB HFrEF patients (N = 115 + N = 145) | Cohort 1/2: | Cohort 1/2: |
65.9 ± 12.9 y; 37.5% F | 57.1 ± 11.1 y; 18.2% F | ||||||
70.3 ± 11.0 y; 16.6% F | |||||||
76.6 ± 9.0 y; 46.4% F | |||||||
Zile, USA [72] | Case-control | Primary and tertiary | NT-proBNP (ChLIA) | AMB patients (N = 61) | Healthy controls (N = 241) | 66 ± 1 y; 59% F | 58 ± 1 y; 70% F |