Table 1 Pre-eclampsia prediction model equations externally validated in the IPPIC-UK cohorts

 1

Plasencia 2007a

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 6.253 + 1.432(if Afro-Caribbean ethnicity) + 1.465(if mixed ethnicity) + 0.084(BMI) + 0.81(if woman’s mother had PE) − 1.539(if parous without previous PE) + 1.049(if parous with previous PE)

 2

Poon 2008

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 6.311 + 1.299(if Afro-Caribbean ethnicity) + 0.092(BMI) + 0.855(if woman’s mother had PE) − 1.481(if parous without previous PE) + 0.933(if parous with previous PE)

 3

Wright 2015a*

Clinical characteristics

Mean gestational age at delivery with PE = 54.3637 − 0.0206886(age, years - 35, if age ≥ 35) + 0.11711(height, cm - 164) − 2.6786(if Afro-Caribbean ethnicity) − 1.129(if South Asian ethnicity) − 7.2897(if chronic hypertension) − 3.0519(if systemic lupus erythematosus or antiphospholipid syndrome) − 1.6327(if conception by in vitro fertilisation) − 8.1667(if parous with previous PE) + 0.0271988(if parous with previous PE, previous gestation in weeks - 24)² − 4.335(if parous with no previous PE) − 4.15137651(if parous with no previous PE, interval between pregnancies in years)⁻¹ + 9.21473572(if parous with no previous PE, interval between pregnancies in years)^−0.5 − 0.0694096(if no chronic hypertension, weight in kg – 69) − 1.7154(if no chronic hypertension and family history of PE) − 3.3899(if no chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2)

 4

Baschat 2014a

Clinical characteristics and biochemical markers

LP = − 8.72 + 0.157 (if nulliparous) + 0.341(if history of hypertension) + 0.635(if prior PE) + 0.064(MAP) − 0.186(PAPP-A, Ln MoM)

 5

Goetzinger 2010

Clinical characteristics and biochemical markers

LP = − 3.25 + (0.51(if PAPP-A < 10th percentile) + 0.93(if BMI > 25) + 0.94(if chronic hypertension) + 0.97(if diabetes) + 0.61(if African American ethnicity)

 6

Odibo 2011a

Clinical characteristics and biochemical markers

LP = − 3.389 − 0.716(PAPP-A, MoM) + 0.05(BMI) + 0.319(if black ethnicity) + 1.57(if history of chronic hypertension)

 7

Odibo 2011b

Clinical characteristics and ultrasound markers

LP = − 3.895 − 0.593(mean uterine PI) + 0.944(if pre-gestational diabetes) + 0.059(BMI) + 1.532(if history of chronic hypertension)

 8

Yu 2005a

Clinical characteristics and ultrasound markers

LP = 1.8552 + 5.9228(mean uterine PI)⁻² − 14.4474(mean uterine PI)⁻¹ − 0.5478(if smoker) + 0.6719(bilateral notch) + 0.0372(age) + 0.4949(if black ethnicity) + 1.5033(if history of PE) − 1.2217(if previous term live birth) + 0.0367(T2 BMI)

 9

Baschat 2014b

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 5.803 + 0.302(if history of diabetes) + 0.767 (if history of hypertension) + 0.00948(MAP)

 10

Crovetto 2015a

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 5.177 + (2.383 if black ethnicity) − 1.105(if nulliparous) + 3.543(if parous with previous PE) + 2.229(if chronic hypertension) + 2.201(if renal disease)

 11

Kuc 2013a

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 6.790 − 0.119(maternal height, cm) + 4.8565(maternal weight, Ln kg) + 1.845(if nulliparous) + 0.086(maternal age, years) + 1.353(if smoker)

 12

Plasencia 2007b

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 6.431 + 1.680(if Afro-Caribbean ethnicity) + 1.889(if mixed ethnicity) + 2.822(if parous with previous PE)

 13

Poon 2010a

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 5.674 + 1.267(if black ethnicity) + 2.193(if history of chronic hypertension) − 1.184(if parous without previous PE) + 1.362(if parous with previous PE) + 1.537(if conceived with ovulation induction)

 14

Scazzocchio 2013a

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 7.703 + 0.086(BMI) + 1.708(if chronic hypertension) + 4.033(if renal disease) + 1.931(if parous with previous PE) + 0.005(if parous with no previous PE)

 15

Wright 2015b*

Clinical characteristics

Same as model 3

 16

Poon 2009a

Clinical characteristics and biochemical markers

LP = − 6.413 − 3.612 (PAPP-A, Ln MoM) + 1.803(if history of chronic hypertension) + 1.564(if black ethnicity) − 1.005(if parous without previous PE) + 1.491(if parous with previous PE)

 17

Yu 2005b

Clinical characteristics and ultrasound markers

LP = − 9.81223 + 2.10910(mean uterine PI)³ − 1.79921(mean uterine PI)³ + 1.059463(if bilateral notch)

 18

Crovetto 2015b

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 5.873 − 0.462(if white ethnicity) + 0.109(BMI) − 0.825(if nulliparous) + 2.726(if parous with previous PE) + 1.956(if chronic hypertension) − 0.575(if smoker)

 19

Kuc 2013b

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 14.374 + 2.300(maternal weight, Ln kg) + 1.303(if nulliparous) + 0.068(maternal age, years)

 20

Plasencia 2007c

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 6.585 + 1.368(if Afro-Caribbean ethnicity) + 1.311(if mixed ethnicity) + 0.091(BMI) + 0.960(if woman’s mother had PE) − 1.663(if parous without previous PE)

 21

Poon 2010b

Clinical characteristics

LP = − 7.860 + 0.034(maternal age, years) + 0.096(BMI) + 1.089(if black ethnicity) + 0.980(if Indian or Pakistani ethnicity) + 1.196(if mixed ethnicity) + 1.070(if woman’s mother had PE) − 1.413(if parous without previous PE) + 0.780(if parous with previous PE)

 22

Scazzocchio 2013b

Clinical characteristics

LP = 6.135 + 2.124(if previous PE) + 1.571(if chronic hypertension) + 0.958(if diabetes) + 1.416(if thrombophilic condition) − 0.487(if multiparous) + 0.093(BMI)

 23

Poon 2009b

Clinical characteristics and biochemical markers

LP = − 6.652 − 0.884(PAPP-A, Ln MoM) + 1.127(if family history of PE) + 1.222(if black ethnicity) + 0.936(if Indian or Pakistani ethnicity) + 1.335(if mixed ethnicity) + 0.084(BMI) − 1.255(if parous without previous PE) + 0.818(if parous with previous PE)

 24

Yu 2005c

Clinical characteristics and ultrasound markers

LP = 0.7901 + 5.1473(mean uterine PI)⁻² − 12.5152(mean uterine PI)⁻¹ − 0.5575(if smoker) + 0.5333(if bilateral notch) + 0.0328(age) + 0.4958(if black ethnicity) + 1.5109(if history of PE) + 1.1556(if previous term live birth) + 0.0378(BMI)