Table 3 Maternal characteristics and delivery outcomes of participants overall and comparison between low growth velocity (20–36-week EFW velocity < −30 centiles) and the remainder of the cohort
|  | Total analysis cohort (n = 305) | Low growth velocity (n = 67) | Normal growth velocity (n = 238) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 30.9 (4.2) | 31.1 (4.2) | 30.9 (4.2) | 0.70 |
Booking BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 (21.5–26.9) | 22.4 (20.9–26.2) | 23.9 (21.8–27.1) | 0.02 |
Current smokers | 5 (1.6%) | 1 (1.5%) | 4 (1.7%) | 1.00 |
Gestational diabetes | 37 (12.1%) | 10 (14.9%) | 27 (11.3%) | 0.40 |
Onset of delivery | ||||
 Spontaneous labour | 136 (44.6%) | 31 (46.3%) | 105 (44.1%) | 0.62 |
 Induction labour | 147 (48.2%) | 33 (49.3%) | 114 (47.9%) | |
 No labour | 22 (7.2%) | 3 (4.5%) | 19 (8.0%) | |
Mode of delivery | ||||
 Normal vaginal delivery | 115 (37.7%) | 32 (47.8%) | 83 (34.9%) | 0.15 |
 Instrumental delivery | 100 (32.8%) | 22 (32.8%) | 78 (32.8%) | |
 Emergency caesarean section | 70 (23.0%) | 10 (14.9%) | 60 (25.2%) | |
 Elective caesarean section | 20 (6.6%) | 3 (4.5%) | 17 (7.1%) | |
GA at delivery (weeks) | 40.0 (38.9–40.6) | 39.7 (38.4–40.4) | 40.0 (39.0–40.7) | 0.04 |
Birthweight (g) | 3453 (431.6) | 3135 (312.3) | 3543 (418.5) | < 0.0001 |
Birthweight centile | 49.8 (26.7–71.8) | 27.8 (15.8–36.4) | 58.2 (32.4–77.5) | < 0.0001 |