From: Parental income gradients in adult health: a national cohort study
All | Parental income, decile 1 (lowest) | Parental income, deciles 2-10 (highest) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI, lower | |
Measures from primary health care (KUHR) | ||||||
Upper respiratory | 0.204 | [0.203, 0.206] | 0.208 | [0.204, 0.212] | 0.204 | [0.203, 0.205] |
Acute sinusitis | 0.119 | [0.118, 0.120] | 0.117 | [0.114, 0.120] | 0.119 | [0.118, 0.120] |
Back and neckpain | 0.168 | [0.167, 0.169] | 0.199 | [0.195, 0.203] | 0.165 | [0.164, 0.166] |
Shoulder | 0.139 | [0.138, 0.140] | 0.157 | [0.154, 0.161] | 0.137 | [0.136, 0.138] |
Bursitis | 0.116 | [0.115, 0.117] | 0.124 | [0.121, 0.127] | 0.115 | [0.114, 0.116] |
Rheumatoid Arthrithis (RA) | 0.013 | [0.013, 0.014] | 0.016 | [0.015, 0.017] | 0.013 | [0.013, 0.013] |
Hypertension | 0.070 | [0.070, 0.071] | 0.081 | [0.078, 0.084] | 0.069 | [0.069, 0.070] |
Overweight | 0.035 | [0.035, 0.036] | 0.042 | [0.040, 0.044] | 0.035 | [0.034, 0.035] |
Diabetes | 0.024 | [0.023, 0.024] | 0.031 | [0.030, 0.033] | 0.023 | [0.022, 0.023] |
Gastroenteritis infection | 0.010 | [0.009, 0.010] | 0.010 | [0.009, 0.011] | 0.009 | [0.009, 0.010] |
Depression | 0.112 | [0.111, 0.113] | 0.142 | [0.138, 0.145] | 0.109 | [0.108, 0.109] |
Anxiety | 0.040 | [0.040, 0.041] | 0.060 | [0.058, 0.063] | 0.038 | [0.038, 0.039] |
Fear of specific diseases | 0.060 | [0.059, 0.061] | 0.064 | [0.062, 0.066] | 0.060 | [0.059, 0.060] |
Naevus (mole) | 0.096 | [0.095, 0.097] | 0.083 | [0.080, 0.085] | 0.098 | [0.097, 0.099] |
Injuries | 0.330 | [0.328, 0.331] | 0.359 | [0.354, 0.363] | 0.327 | [0.325, 0.328] |
Any disorder (any of above) | 0.739 | [0.737, 0.740] | 0.767 | [0.763, 0.771] | 0.735 | [0.734, 0.737] |
Any conultation in primary care | 0.955 | [0.954, 0.955] | 0.956 | [0.954, 0.958] | 0.954 | [0.953, 0.955] |
Measures from specialist health care (NPR) | ||||||
Outpatient | 0.466 | [0.465, 0.468] | 0.506 | [0.501, 0.510] | 0.462 | [0.460, 0.464] |
Hospitalization, somatic | 0.170 | [0.169, 0.171] | 0.199 | [0.195, 0.203] | 0.167 | [0.165, 0.168] |
Hospitalization, psychiatric | 0.075 | [0.074, 0.076] | 0.113 | [0.110, 0.116] | 0.071 | [0.070, 0.071] |
Individual measures from adulthood | ||||||
Adult income (age 30-36, NOK 2016) | ||||||
Mean | 298,326 | 257,773 | 302,832 | |||
Std. dev. | 364,183 | 115,977 | 381,663 | |||
Education level (age 35) | ||||||
Below secondary | 0.254 | 0.416 | 0.236 | |||
Full secondary | 0.369 | 0.362 | 0.370 | |||
Tertiary, short | 0.282 | 0.175 | 0.294 | |||
Tertiary, long | 0.091 | 0.034 | 0.097 | |||
Missing | 0.004 | 0.013 | 0.003 | |||
Married with children | 0.461 | 0.370 | 0.472 | |||
Individual measures from childhood | ||||||
Parental income (age 0-18, NOK 2016) | ||||||
Mean | 395,065 | 148,052 | 422,509 | |||
Std. dev. | 151,890 | 64,537 | 132,811 | |||
Parental education (age 16) | ||||||
Less than full secondary | 0.567 | 0.839 | 0.537 | |||
Full secondary | 0.195 | 0.098 | 0.256 | |||
Tertiary | 0.237 | 0.057 | 0.257 | |||
Missing | 0.001 | 0.057 | 0.006 | |||
Mother not married at child age 16 | 0.154 | 0.365 | 0.131 | |||
Mother's age at birth | ||||||
Mean | 26.27 | 27.21 | 26.17 | |||
Std. dev. | 5.54 | 7.09 | 5.33 | |||
Low birth weight | 0.037 | 0.048 | 0.036 | |||
Number of siblings | ||||||
Mean | 1.690 | 1.720 | 1.690 | |||
Std.dev | 0.730 | 0.852 | 0.725 | |||
First-born child of mother | 0.705 | 0.711 | 0.705 | |||
Municipality of residence at child age 16 (no.) | 457 | 457 | 457 | |||
Number of individuals | 429,886 | 42,987 | 386,899 |