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Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and psychosocial factors associated with health status

From: Exploring health in the UK Biobank: associations with sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, lifestyle and environmental exposures

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Term

OR

Bonferroni-corrected CI

OR

Bonferroni-corrected CI

OR

Bonferroni-corrected CI

OR

Bonferroni-corrected CI

Sociodemographic characteristics

Household income1

            

Very low

0.5161

0.4978

0.5351

0.6298

0.6066

0.6538

0.6825

0.6558

0.7102

0.7447

0.7148

0.7759

Low

0.7548

0.7288

0.7818

0.8728

0.8419

0.9048

0.8963

0.8643

0.9295

0.9196

0.8864

0.9541

Middle

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

High

1.2084

1.1626

1.2561

1.1016

1.0591

1.1458

1.0774

1.0354

1.1212

1.0510

1.0096

1.0941

Very high

1.2867

1.2088

1.3703

1.1483

1.0778

1.2239

1.1151

1.0457

1.1897

1.0472

0.9812

1.1181

Sex

            

Female

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Male

0.8642

0.8428

0.8862

NA

NA

NA

0.8810

0.8584

0.9043

0.8847

0.8610

0.9090

Age

0.9462

0.9446

0.9478

NA

NA

NA

0.9527

0.9510

0.9545

0.9528

0.9510

0.9546

Multiple deprivation

0.9912

0.9903

0.9921

0.9885

0.9876

0.9894

0.9923

0.9913

0.9933

0.9952

0.9941

0.9963

Ethnicity

            

White

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Mixed-race

1.2991

1.0925

1.5524

0.9743

0.8163

1.1684

1.0443

0.8742

1.2533

1.1037

0.9221

1.3273

Asian

1.0196

0.9213

1.1298

0.8560

0.7714

0.9511

0.9252

0.8333

1.0285

1.0188

0.9149

1.1359

Black

1.2994

1.1612

1.4571

0.9831

0.8764

1.1050

1.1929

1.0619

1.3426

1.3125

1.1657

1.4805

Chinese

2.1528

1.6132

2.9286

1.7413

1.2994

2.3777

1.7988

1.3413

2.4580

1.8339

1.3646

2.5106

Other

1.2077

1.0369

1.4115

0.9952

0.8519

1.1667

1.1096

0.9491

1.3018

1.2570

1.0727

1.4779

Highest qualification

            

None

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

O levels/GCSEs/CSEs

1.6519

1.5859

1.7207

1.2266

1.1757

1.2796

1.0692

1.0236

1.1168

1.0315

0.9870

1.0779

A levels/NVQ/HND/HNC2

1.5125

1.4508

1.5769

1.2102

1.1595

1.2631

1.0270

0.9825

1.0735

0.9879

0.9445

1.0332

Degree

1.7949

1.7257

1.8667

1.3373

1.2838

1.3929

1.0469

1.0018

1.0940

0.9558

0.9137

0.9997

Psychosocial factors

Loneliness

            

Not lonely

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Lonely

0.7283

0.6915

0.7672

0.6947

0.6588

0.7326

0.7207

0.6832

0.7604

0.8129

0.7697

0.8587

Social isolation

            

Not isolated

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Isolated

0.7544

0.7226

0.7877

0.7542

0.7218

0.7882

0.7795

0.7457

0.8149

0.9496

0.9067

0.9947

  1. Note: Bonferroni-adjusted (~ 99.9%) confidence intervals. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, GCSEs general certificate of secondary education, CSE certificate of secondary education, NVQ national vocational qualification, HND higher national diploma, HNC higher national certificate, NA not applicable. 1Annual household income groups: very low (< £18,000), low (£18,000–£30,999), middle (£31,000–£51,999), high (£52,000–£100,000) and very high (> £100,000). 2also includes “other professional qualifications”
  2. Model 1—only individual explanatory variables
  3. Model 2—adjusted for age and sex
  4. Model 3—age, sex and all sociodemographic characteristics / age, sex and all psychosocial factors
  5. Model 4—all explanatory variables
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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