Causal effects of atrial fibrillation on brain white and gray matter volume: a Mendelian randomization study

Table 3 Direct effects of atrial fibrillation on brain volume phenotypes adjusted for genetic effects of ischemic stroke by multivariable MR analysis.

Genetically predicted exposure	Conditional F statistics (atrial fibrillation)	Conditional F statistics (stroke)	Outcome phenotype	Heterogeneity Q statistics P value	Method	Beta	Standard error	P value
Atrial fibrillation, adjusted for genetic effects of ischemic stroke (16 SNPs)	1.734	1.406	Gray matter volume (normalized)	0.443	IVW	−0.022	0.033	0.528
			Gray matter volume (normalized)	0.443	MR-Egger	−0.001	0.065	0.992
			Gray matter volume (unnormalized)	0.397	IVW	−0.022	0.034	0.533
			Gray matter volume (unnormalized)	0.397	MR-Egger	−0.015	0.066	0.823
			White matter volume (normalized)	0.035	IVW	0.014	0.045	0.758
			White matter volume (normalized)	0.035	MR-Egger	−0.003	0.088	0.971
			White matter volume (unnormalized)	0.043	IVW	0.013	0.045	0.777
			White matter volume (unnormalized)	0.043	MR-Egger	−0.005	0.087	0.958

MR Mendelian randomization, IVW inverse variance-weighted, SNP single-nucleotide polymorphism
Multivariable inverse variance-weighted method and MR-Egger regression was performed to yield the causal estimates

ISSN: 1741-7015