Fig. 1

Participants’ metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors and MetS risk score distribution. A Bar graph of the clustering of MetS risk factors in FAMILY cases compared to controls. 57.4% of MetS cases had one risk factor, 27.6% had two risk factors, and 15% had more than two risk factors. B Histogram showing the distribution of the IDEFICS MetS score in study participants at age 5 years. The mean IDEFICS MetS z-score for all 456 was 0.05 and overall, the study participants at 5 years followed a normal distribution of the IDEFICS MetS score around a mean of zero. IDEFICS MetS score = z _{waist circumference} + (z _{systolic blood pressure} + z _{diastolic blood pressure})/2 + (z _{triglycerides} − z _HDL)/2 + z _{fasting glucose}