Table 1 Maternal characteristics by lithium use
Characteristic | Total births n= 854,017 | Lithium exposure | |
|---|---|---|---|
No (n=853,583) | Yes (n=434) | ||
Age, (years), mean ±SD | 30.3 ± 5.3 | 30.3 ± 5.3 | 31.7 ± 5.2 |
≥35, n (%) | 187,258 (21.9) | 187,123 (21.9) | 135 (31.1) |
Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 24.7± 4.6 | 24.7 ± 4.63 | 26.3 ± 4.1 |
BMI≥30, n (%) | 99,010 (11.6) | 98,930 (11.6) | 80 (18.4) |
Missing, n (%) | 59,171 (6.9) | 59,128 (6.9) | 43 (9.9) |
Parity, n (%) | |||
Nulliparous | 378,644 (44.3) | 378,425 (44.3) | 219 (50.5) |
Multiparous | 475,373 (55.7) | 475,158 (55.7) | 215 (49.5) |
Country of birth, n (%) | |||
Sweden | 662,597 (77.6) | 662,206 (77.6) | 391 (90.1) |
Other European countries | 27,917 (3.3) | 27,907 (3.3) | 10 (2.3) |
Rest of the world | 163,503 (19.2) | 163,470 (19.2) | 33 (7.6) |
Smoking, n (%) | |||
Yes | 51,885 (6.1) | 51,818 (6.1) | 67 (15.4) |
Missing | 33,208 (3.9) | 33,192 (3.9) | 16 (3.7) |
Assisted reproduction, n (%) | |||
Yes | 23,886 (2.8) | 23,882 (2.8) | 4 (0.9) |
Education, n (%) | |||
University | 451,084 (52.8) | 450,851 (52.8) | 233 (53.7) |
High school | 234,694 (27.5) | 234,585 (27.5) | 109 (25.1) |
< 12 years | 158,452 (18.6) | 158,363 (18.6) | 89 (20.5) |
Missing | 9787 (1.2) | 9784 (1.2) | 3 (0.7) |
Pre-gestational disorders, n (%) | |||
Bipolar disorder | 7603 (0.9) | 7198 (0.8) | 405 (93.3) |
Psychosis | 2182 (0.3) | 2117 (0.3) | 65 (15.0) |
Schizophrenia | 2470 (2.3) | 2398 (0.3) | 72 (16.6) |
Hypertension | 6365 (0.8) | 6358 (0.7) | 7 (1.6) |
Diabetes | 6525 (0.8) | 6522 (0.8) | 3 (0.7) |
Gestational diabetes, n (%) | 9810 (1.2) | 9803 (1.2) | 7 (1.6) |
Gestational age, weeks | 39.8 ± 1.8 | 39.8 ± 1.8 | 39.2 ± 2.3 |
Birthweight, grams, mean ± SD | 3536 ± 565 | 3536 ± 565 | 3500 ± 679 |