Fig. 1

Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for diet groups and risk of all cancer, prostate cancer, postmenopausal breast cancer, and colorectal cancer not adjusting for BMI (A) and adjusting for BMI (B). Regular meat-eaters: consume red or processed meat or poultry > 5 times a week. Low meat-eaters: consume red and processed meat or poultry ≤5 times per week. Fish-eaters: do not consume red, processed meat, or poultry but consumed fish. Vegetarians (including vegans): do not consume any meat or fish. All models used age as the underlying time variable and are stratified by sex (for only all cancer and colorectal cancer), age groups, and adjusted for region of recruitment, height, physical activity, Townsend deprivation index, education, employment status, smoking status, alcohol consumption, ethnicity, and diabetes status. For all cancer and colorectal cancer analyses, models were further adjusted for menopausal hormone therapy use and menopausal status and colorectal cancer models are adjusted for non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug use. For prostate cancer models are further adjusted for marital status. For breast cancer models are further adjusted for menopausal hormone therapy use, age at menarche, and age at first birth/parity. Full details for each covariate are provided in the statistical analysis section in the main text. Multivariable + BMI models further adjusts for BMI. P-value for heterogeneity from likelihood ratio tests for model fit comparing a model without diet groups, to a model including diet group. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence intervals; HR, hazard ratio; N, number of participants