Table 4 Association between individual predictors and progressing to AKD, excluding patients who died or initiated chronic KRT within the first 7 days
From: Patient outcomes following AKI and AKD: a population-based cohort study
| Â | Â | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
| Â | N | 38,814 | Â | 38,814 | Â |
Progressed to AKD,N(%) | 18,773 (33) | Â | Â | 18,773 (33) | Â |
Age at AKI diagnosis | |||||
 < 65 (ref) | 9665 | – | – | – | – |
 65–74 | 8491 | 0.88 (0.83–0.93) | < 0.001 | 0.94 (0.88–1.01) | 0.09 |
 75–84 | 11,781 | 0.75 (0.71–0.80) | < 0.001 | 0.85 (0.80–0.91) | < 0.001 |
 85+ | 8877 | 0.68 (0.65–0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.77 (0.71–0.83) | < 0.001 |
Sex = male | 18,529 | 0.96 (0.92–1.00) | 0.05 | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 0.02 |
SIMD quintile | |||||
 1 (ref) | 7214 | – | – | – | – |
 2 | 7720 | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 0.5 | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | 0.9 |
 3 | 7764 | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.06 | 0.97 (0.91–1.04) | 0.3 |
 4 | 10,033 | 0.93 (0.87 to 0.99) | 0.02 | 0.95 (0.89–1.02) | 0.1 |
 5 | 6083 | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | 0.6 | 1.02 (0.95–1.10) | 0.6 |
AKI category | |||||
 CA-HM (ref) | 18,172 | – | – | – | – |
 CA-CM | 4223 | 2.86 (2.66–3.07) | < 0.001 | 2.34 (2.17–2.53) | < 0.001 |
 HA | 16,419 | 1.49 (1.43–1.55) | < 0.001 | 1.91 (1.82–2.00) | < 0.001 |
AKI identified by | |||||
 SCr ratio (ref) | 33,032 | – | – | – | – |
 SCr increment | 5782 | 0.47 (0.44–0.50) | < 0.001 | 0.45 (0.42–0.48) | < 0.001 |
AKI severity at diagnosis | |||||
 Stage 1 (ref) | 30,006 | – | – | – | – |
 Stage 2 | 5773 | 1.13 (1.06–1.19) | < 0.001 | 1.23 (1.15–1.30) | < 0.001 |
 Stage 3 | 3035 | 1.72 (1.59–1.86) | < 0.001 | 2.40 (2.21–2.61) | < 0.001 |
Number of tests | Median = 3 [IQR: 2–5] | 0.88 (0.87–0.89) | < 0.001 | 0.89 (0.88–0.90) | < 0.001 |
Baseline eGFR category | |||||
 ≥ 90 (ref) | 8994 | – | – | – | – |
 60–89 | 15,226 | 0.79 (0.75–0.83) | < 0.001 | 0.92 (0.87–0.98) | 0.01 |
 45–59 | 6967 | 0.64 (0.60–0.68) | < 0.001 | 0.82 (0.76–0.89) | < 0.001 |
 30–44 | 5282 | 0.61 (0.57–0.65) | < 0.001 | 0.84 (0.77–0.91) | < 0.001 |
 < 30 | 2345 | 0.68 (0.63–0.75) | < 0.001 | 0.96 (0.86–1.07) | 0.4 |
Comorbidity | |||||
 Cancer | 13,441 | 1.13 (1.09–1.18) | < 0.001 | 1.22 (1.17–1.28) | < 0.001 |
 CAD | 9799 | 0.90 (0.86–0.94) | < 0.001 | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) | 0.2 |
 CHF | 4847 | 1.14 (1.07–1.21) | < 0.001 | 1.33 (1.24–1.42) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes | 10,799 | 1.01 (0.96–1.05) | 0.8 | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | 0.5 |
 Hypertension | 14,908 | 0.90 (0.86–0.93) | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.93–1.02) | 0.3 |
Medication in prior 90 days | |||||
 ACEi/ARB | 14,826 | 0.84 (0.81–0.88) | < 0.001 | 0.85 (0.81–0.89) | < 0.001 |
 Loop diuretic | 8610 | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 0.4 | 1.12 (1.06–1.18) | < 0.001 |
 Metformin | 3912 | 1.15 (1.07–1.23) | < 0.001 | 1.23 (1.14–1.34) | < 0.001 |
 NSAID | 2717 | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.3 | 0.87 (0.80–0.94) | < 0.001 |
 Statin | 14,340 | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | < 0.001 | 0.95 (0.91–1.00) | 0.06 |