Table 5 Association between individual predictors and non-recovery at day 90 in patients who entered the AKD phase, excluding patients who died or initiated chronic KRT between day 8 and day 90
From: Patient outcomes following AKI and AKD: a population-based cohort study
| Â | Â | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
| Â | N | 12,757 | Â | 12,757 | Â |
No recovery at day 90,N(%) | Â | 5059 (39.7%) | Â | 5059 (39.7%) | Â |
Age at AKI diagnosis | |||||
 < 65 (ref) | 3592 | – | – | – | – |
 65–74 | 3001 | 0.75 (0.68–0.82) | < 0.001 | 0.97 (0.87–1.08) | 0.6 |
 75–84 | 3781 | 0.68 (0.62–0.74) | < 0.001 | 1.02 (0.90–1.15) | 0.8 |
 85+ | 2383 | 0.58 (0.52–0.65) | < 0.001 | 0.89 (0.78–1.02) | 0.1 |
Sex = male | 6110 | 0.83 (0.78–0.90) | < 0.001 | 0.87 (0.81–0.94) | < 0.001 |
SIMD quintile | |||||
 1 (ref) | 2382 | – | – | – | – |
 2 | 2515 | 1.03 (0.92–1.16) | 0.6 | 1.06 (0.94–1.19) | 0.4 |
 3 | 2504 | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 0.9 | 1.04 (0.92–1.17) | 0.5 |
 4 | 3293 | 1.04 (0.94–1.16) | 0.4 | 1.07 (0.96–1.20) | 0.2 |
 5 | 2063 | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) | 0.2 | 1.12 (0.99–1.27) | 0.08 |
AKI category | |||||
 CA-HM (ref) | 4976 | – | – | – | – |
 CA-CM | 2081 | 1.40 (1.26–1.55) | < 0.001 | 1.40 (1.25–1.57) | < 0.001 |
 HA | 5700 | 1.41 (1.31–1.53) | < 0.001 | 1.53 (1.40–1.67) | < 0.001 |
AKI identified by | |||||
 SCr ratio (ref) | 11,456 | – | – | – | – |
 SCr increment | 1301 | 0.58 (0.51–0.66) | < 0.001 | 0.71 (0.62–0.81) | < 0.001 |
AKI severity at diagnosis | |||||
 Stage 1 (ref) | 9524 | – | – | – | – |
 Stage 2 | 1948 | 1.05 (0.95–1.15) | 0.4 | 1.11 (1.00–1.24) | 0.05 |
 Stage 3 | 1285 | 1.11 (0.98–1.25) | 0.09 | 1.43 (1.26–1.63) | < 0.001 |
Number of tests | Median = 5 [IQR: 2–11] | 0.97 (0.97–0.97) | < 0.001 | 0.97 (0.96–0.97) | < 0.001 |
Baseline eGFR category | |||||
 ≥ 90 (ref) | 3241 | – | – | – | – |
 60–89 | 5149 | 0.66 (0.60–0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) | < 0.001 |
 45–59 | 2159 | 0.47 (0.42–0.53) | < 0.001 | 0.51 (0.45–0.59) | < 0.001 |
 30–44 | 1547 | 0.32 (0.28–0.36) | < 0.001 | 0.36 (0.31–0.42) | < 0.001 |
 <  30 | 661 | 0.33 (0.27–0.40) | < 0.001 | 0.38 (0.31–0.48) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidity | |||||
 Cancer | 4349 | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) | 0.08 | 1.14 (1.05–1.23) | 0.001 |
 CAD | 3091 | 0.71 (0.66–0.78) | < 0.001 | 0.86 (0.78–0.95) | 0.002 |
 CHF | 1638 | 0.82 (0.74–0.92) | 0.06 | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | 0.004 |
 Diabetes | 3723 | 0.76 (0.70–0.82) | < 0.001 | 0.91 (0.82–1.01) | 0.07 |
 Hypertension | 4802 | 0.80 (0.75–0.87) | 0.003 | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 0.3 |
Medication in prior 90 days | |||||
 ACEi/ARB | 5027 | 0.70 (0.65–0.76) | < 0.001 | 0.84 (0.77–0.92) | < 0.001 |
 Loop diuretic | 2790 | 0.66 (0.61–0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.86 (0.78–0.95) | 0.003 |
 Metformin | 1542 | 0.80 (0.71–0.89) | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.85–1.14) | 0.8 |
 NSAID | 880 | 0.87 (0.75–1.00) | 0.05 | 0.74 (0.64–0.86) | <0.001 |
 Statin | 4801 | 0.74 (0.69–0.79) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.87–1.04) | 0.3 |