Table 4 Multivariable regression analysis results for the effect of anaesthetic type (general anaesthetic vs. spinal anaesthetic with no sedation vs. spinal anaesthetic with sedation) on outcome following surgery for hip fracture patients in England, Wales and Northern Ireland during 2018–2019, as recorded in the National Hip Fracture Database

Delirium assessment (categorical)

Spinal anaesthetic only

0.95

0.92–0.98

0.001

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

1.00

0.96–1.04

0.854

Delirium Alertness

Spinal anaesthetic only

0.88

0.83–0.94

<0.001

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

0.94

0.87–1.02

0.165

Delirium AMT4

Spinal anaesthetic only

0.91

0.87–0.94

<0.001

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

0.94

0.89–0.98

0.008

Delirium Attention

Spinal anaesthetic only

0.97

0.94–1.00

0.084

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

1.06

1.01–1.11

0.009

Delirium Acute change

Spinal anaesthetic only

0.98

0.93–1.03

0.442

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

0.99

0.93–1.06

0.832

Mobilised on day of or day following surgery

Spinal anaesthetic only

1.06

1.02–1.10

0.004

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

0.96

0.92–1.01

0.117

Length of hospital stay

Spinal anaesthetic only

Linear regression coefficient = −0.45

−0.68 to −0.23

<0.001

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

Linear regression coefficient = −0.48

−0.77 to −0.19

0.001

Returned to admission source

Spinal anaesthetic only

1.04

1.00–1.07

0.025

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

1.03

0.99–1.08

0.106

Life status at 30 days

Spinal anaesthetic only

1.06

0.99–1.12

0.095

Spinal anaesthetic with sedation

0.99

0.91–1.08

0.773