Table 1 Baseline characteristics between intensive and standard treatment groups within AS and non-AS groups

N (%)

1980 (51.86)

1838 (48.14)

1464 (48.05)

1583 (51.95)

3818 (55.62)

3047 (44.38)

Age, years

65.1±4.25

65.14±4.38

0.77

67.44±4.98

67.42±4.94

0.91

65.12±4.32

67.43±4.96

<0.001

Female, n (%)

1053 (53.18)

920 (50.05)

0.06

789 (53.89)

914 (57.74)

0.04

1973 (51.68)

1703 (55.89)

<0.001

BMI, kg/m²

25.76±3.19

25.85±3.2

0.36

25.34±3.14

25.41±3.15

0.53

25.8±3.19

25.38±3.14

<0.001

HR, bpm

72.8±10.17

72.18±9.99

0.06

74.79±10.71

74.93±10.65

0.71

72.5±10.09

74.86±10.68

<0.001

  SBP

143.78±16.07

143.43±16.03

0.50

150.4±17.38

149.92±16.69

0.44

143.61±16.05

150.15±17.03

<0.001

  DBP

82.6±10.38

82.58±10.26

0.95

82.93±11.1

82.28±10.62

0.09

82.59±10.32

82.59±10.86

0.99

  PP

61.18±13.64

60.85±13.96

0.46

67.46±15.01

67.64±14.51

0.74

61.02±13.79

67.56±14.75

<0.001

  MAP

102.99±10.79

102.86±10.61

0.70

105.42±11.52

104.82±11.02

0.14

102.93±10.7

105.11±11.26

<0.001

  baPWV, cm/s

1562.24±171.74

1544.79±176.92

0.002

2080.5±239.06

2078.08±233.75

0.78

1553.19±174.64

2079.25±236.28

<0.001

Physical activity, times/week, n (%)

0.22

0.86

0.06

 ≥ 3

1232 (62.22)

1193 (64.91)

963 (65.78)

1055 (66.65)

2425 (63.51)

2018 (66.23)

 1–2

429 (21.67)

374 (20.35)

285 (19.47)

297 (18.76)

803 (21.03)

582 (19.10)

 0

319 (16.11)

271 (14.74)

216 (14.75)

231 (14.59)

590 (15.45)

447 (14.67)

Smoking status, n (%)

0.19

0.16

<0.001

 Current

325 (16.44)

342 (18.66)

222 (15.22)

203 (12.86)

667 (17.51)

425 (13.99)

 Former

246 (12.44)

226 (12.33)

158 (10.83)

182 (11.53)

472 (12.39)

340 (11.19)

 Never

1406 (71.12)

1265 (69.01)

1079 (73.95)

1194 (75.62)

2671 (70.10)

2273 (74.82)

Drink status, n (%)

0.02

0.52

<0.001

 Current

531 (26.86)

541 (29.51)

362 (24.81)

365 (23.12)

1072 (28.14)

727 (23.93)

 Former

91 (4.60)

108 (5.89)

76 (5.21)

80 (5.07)

199 (5.22)

156 (51.35)

 Never

1355 (68.54)

1184 (64.59)

1021 (69.98)

1134 (71.82)

2539 (66.64)

2155 (70.93)

FBG, mmol/L

6.02±1.44

5.99±1.52

0.57

6.26±1.62

6.35±1.72

0.11

6±1.48

6.31±1.67

<0.001

TC, mmol/L

4.84±1.04

4.91±1.12

0.07

4.9±1.12

4.93±1.09

0.52

4.88±1.08

4.91±1.1

0.18

LDL-C, mmol/L

2.7±0.86

2.72±0.87

0.55

2.68±0.88

2.71±0.89

0.49

2.71±0.87

2.69±0.89

0.55

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.26±0.3

1.26±0.31

0.69

1.26±0.31

1.26±0.31

0.58

1.26±0.3

1.26±0.31

0.97

TG, mmol/L

1.53±0.96

1.59±1.17

0.07

1.63±1.1

1.63±1.1

0.92

1.56±1.08

1.63±1.1

0.01

UA, mmol/L

346.85±87.7

346.23±89.01

0.83

349.87±88.98

346.17±89.88

0.26

346.53±88.37

347.94±89.45

0.52

eGFR, ml/min

109.2±22.57

110.34±23.07

0.13

108.42±25.12

108.32±24.58

0.92

109.79±22.83

108.37±24.84

0.01

eGFR<60, n (%)

23 (1.19)

24 (1.34)

0.80

32 (2.24)

32 (2.07)

0.85

47 (1.27)

64 (2.15)

0.006

 Diabetes mellitus

322 (16.26)

301 (16.38)

0.96

356 (24.32)

366 (23.12)

0.46

623 (16.32)

722 (23.70)

<0.001

 CVD History

372 (18.79)

339 (18.44)

0.82

252 (17.21)

256 (16.17)

0.47

711 (18.62)

508 (16.67)

0.04

 No. of antihyperten-sive agents

1.39±0.63

1.52±0.68

<0.001

1.56±0.68

1.44±0.69

<0.001

1.46±0.66

1.5±0.69

0.02

 Not using antihyper-tensive agents, n (%)

66 (3.33)

59 (3.21)

0.90

51 (3.48)

65 (4.11)

0.42

125 (3.27)

116 (3.81)

0.26

 Use of ARB, n (%)

1273 (64.29)

1083 (58.92)

0.001

960 (65.57)

926 (58.50)

<0.001

2356 (61.71)

1886 (61.90)

0.89

 Use of CCB, n (%)

1502 (75.86)

1313 (71.44)

0.002

1155 (78.89)

1198 (75.68)

0.04

2815 (73.73)

2353 (77.22)

<0.001

 Use of statins, n (%)

439 (22.17)

392 (21.33)

0.55

247 (16.87)

269 (16.99)

0.97

831 (21.77)

516 (16.93)

<0.001

 Use of aspirin, n (%)

196 (9.90)

182 (9.90)

1.00

109 (7.45)

134 (8.46)

0.33

378 (9.90)

243 (7.98)

0.007

FRS ≥15%, n (%)

1427 (74.40)

1328 (74.61)

0.92

1210 (85.03)

1268 (82.39)

0.06

2755 (74.50)

2478 (83.66)

<0.001