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Fig. 1 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Trends in mortality from alcohol, opioid, and combined alcohol and opioid poisonings by sex, educational attainment, and race and ethnicity for the United States 2000–2019

Fig. 1

Age-standardized mortality rates for alcohol-only poisoning, opioid-only poisoning, and combined alcohol and opioid poisoning for men and women by educational attainment categories from 2000 to 2018. Note: Alcohol-only poisoning: ICD-10 code X45 or F10.0 from underlying or contributing cause or T51.0 or T51.9 from contributing cause, and not opioid poisoning, i.e., both (a) X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, or Y10-Y14 from underlying cause and (b) T40.0-T40.4 or T40.6 from contributing cause. Opioid-only poisoning: both (a) X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, or Y10-Y14 from underlying cause and (b) T40.0-T40.4 or T40.6 from contributing cause, and not alcohol poisoning, i.e., X45 or F10.0 from underlying or contributing cause or T51.0 or T51.9 from contributing cause. Alcohol and opioid poisoning: alcohol poisoning, i.e., X45 or F10.0 from underlying or contributing cause or T51.0 or T51.9 from contributing cause, and opioid poisoning, i.e., both (a) X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, or Y10-Y14 from underlying cause and (b) T40.0-T40.4 or T40.6 from contributing cause

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BMC Medicine

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