Table 2 Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for colorectal cancer risk according to plant-based diet indices in the Multiethnic Cohort Study, 1993–2017
Men (n = 79,952) | Women (n = 93,475) | P for heterogeneity by sex | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of cases | HR (95% CI)a | No. of cases | HR (95% CI)a | ||
Overall plant-based diet index | |||||
Q1 (23–43) | 487 | 1.00 (ref) | 385 | 1.00 (ref) | |
Q2 (44–47) | 583 | 0.89 (0.79–1.01) | 556 | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | |
Q3 (48–50) | 579 | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 535 | 0.99 (0.86–1.13) | |
Q4 (51–53) | 475 | 0.89 (0.78–1.01) | 424 | 0.88 (0.77–1.02) | |
Q5 (54–71) | 458 | 0.76 (0.67–0.87) | 494 | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) | |
P for trend | < 0.001 | 0.53 | 0.05 | ||
Healthful plant-based diet index | |||||
Q1 (27–43) | 518 | 1.00 (ref) | 455 | 1.00 (ref) | |
Q2 (44–47) | 614 | 0.95 (0.84–1.06) | 533 | 0.97 (0.85–1.10) | |
Q3 (48–50) | 532 | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 486 | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) | |
Q4 (51–54) | 500 | 0.85 (0.75–0.96) | 475 | 0.93 (0.81–1.06) | |
Q5 (55–75) | 418 | 0.79 (0.69–0.91) | 445 | 0.91 (0.80–1.04) | |
P for trend | 0.0001 | 0.14 | 0.047 | ||
Unhealthful plant-based diet index | |||||
Q1 (23–43) | 497 | 1.00 (ref) | 472 | 1.00 (ref) | |
Q2 (44–47) | 594 | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 568 | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | |
Q3 (48–50) | 512 | 0.97 (0.86–1.10) | 477 | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | |
Q4 (51–53) | 424 | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) | 398 | 0.97 (0.85–1.11) | |
Q5 (54–74) | 555 | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 479 | 1.01 (0.89–1.15) | |
P for trend | 0.19 | 0.85 | 0.24 | ||