Fig. 1

Schematic of the structure of the transmission-dynamic TB model, showing model compartments and transitions

Legend: *The TB progression risk dimension represents differences in LTBI reactivation rates within the modeled population. **The mortality risk dimension represents differences in non-TB mortality rates within the modeled population. ***The socio-economic disadvantage dimension represents poor and marginalized individuals operationalized as elevated TB contact rates, elevated mortality rates, higher LTBI screening rates, and higher TB treatment default rates. We modeled TB transmission assuming assortative mixing within U.S.–born and non-U.S.–born groups, and within levels of the socio-economic disadvantage dimension (additional details described in [14])