Fig. 3

Venn diagram of suggestive causal results using IVs inside, outside MHC region or all IVs. The Venn diagram showed the number of traits that were suggestively casually associated (P < 0.05 in at least three Mendelian randomization methods) with anti-VZV IgG levels using instrumental variables inside MHC region (IV_mhc) (green circle), outside MHC region (IV_no.mhc) (blue circle) and combined IVs (IV_full) (yellow circle). Numbers in the overlapping region represent the causal traits identified by both or all IV sets