Fig. 4
Traits suggestively causally affected by anti-VZV IgG levels using IVs inside or outside the MHC region. Listed are traits with suggestive statistical evidence (P < 0.05) in at least three Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, using instrumental variables inside the MHC region (IVmhc) (left panel) or outside the MHC region (IVno.mhc) (right panel). Odds ratio (A, horizontal axis), for a binary case/control trait, represents the estimated odds ratio when the anti-VZV IgG levels increase by 9 times. Beta value (B, horizontal axis), for a continuous trait, represents the estimated change in the tested trait when the anti-VZV IgG levels increase by 9 times. Except for disorders of lens and senile cataract, the causal estimates of other traits with the exposure are in the opposite directions between IVmhc and IVno.mhc