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Table 2 Associations between DII and dementia (n = 166,377)

From: Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants

 

Dietary inflammatory index

P for trend

First quartile

Second quartile

Third quartile

Fourth quartile

Continuesa

All-cause dementia

 Number of cases/person-years

379/402,956

335/401,756

309/402,313

349/408,661

  

 Model 1b

1 (reference)

1.026 (0.882–1.193) 0.739

1.019 (0.868, 1.196) 0.819

1.261 (1.064, 1.496) 0.008

1.048 (1.014, 1.083) 0.005

0.015

 Model 2c

1 (reference)

1.033 (0.888–1.201) 0.673

1.019 (0.868–1.197) 0.817

1.239 (1.044–1.471) 0.014

1.044 (1.010–1.079) 0.010

0.027

 Model 3d

1 (reference)

1.038 (0.892–1.207) 0.630

1.026 (0.874–1.205) 0.751

1.249 (1.052–1.483) 0.011

1.046 (1.012–1.081) 0.008

0.021

Alzheimer's dementia (AD)

 Number of cases/person-years

160/403,466

141/402,088

110/402,733

132/409,079

  

 Model 1

1 (reference)

1.012 (0.802–1.277) 0.921

0.848 (0.655–1.097) 0.210

1.114 (0.850–1.458) 0.434

1.019 (0.967–1.074) 0.473

0.755

 Model 2

1 (reference)

1.030 (0.816–1.300) 0.803

0.867 (0.669–1.122) 0.278

1.140 (0.870–1.495) 0.342

1.024 (0.972–1.079) 0.369

0.629

 Model 3

1 (reference)

1.036 (0.821–1.308) 0.763

0.875 (0.676–1.133) 0.312

1.153 (0.879–1.512) 0.303

1.026 (0.974–1.081) 0.336

0.570

Vascular dementia (VD)

 Number of cases/person-years

76/403,621

68/402,281

60/402,842

63/409,237

  

 Model 1

1 (reference)

1.008 (0.721–1.410) 0.962

0.928 (0.647–1.330) 0.683

1.029 (0.697–1.520) 0.886

0.996 (0.924–1.073) 0.911

0.983

 Model 2

1 (reference)

1.003 (0.717–1.404) 0.984

0.907 (0.631–1.302) 0.595

0.962 (0.650–1.426) 0.848

0.982 (0.912–1.058) 0.639

0.741

 Model 3

1 (reference)

1.011 (0.722–1.415) 0.949

0.916 (0.638–1.315) 0.633

0.972 (0.656–1.441) 0.889

0.984 (0.914–1.060) 0.675

0.782

Frontotemporal dementia

 Number of cases/person-years

18/403,730

12/402,346

12/402,934

12/409,332

  

 Model 1

1 (reference)

0.776 (0.366–1.642) 0.506

0.849 (0.389–1.853) 0.682

0.944 (0.404–2.204) 0.894

0.944 (0.801–1.113) 0.493

0.883

 Model 2

1 (reference)

0.780 (0.369–1.650) 0.516

0.852 (0.390–1.862) 0.689

0.931 (0.396–2.190) 0.870

0.941 (0.798–1.109) 0.469

0.858

 Model 3

1 (reference)

0.780 (0.368–1.649) 0.515

0.853 (0.390–1.865) 0.691

0.934 (0.397–2.199) 0.877

0.941 (0.798–1.110) 0.470

0.865

Other types of dementia

 Number of cases/person-years

141/403,456

136/402,156

140/402,696

161/409,071

  

 Model 1

1 (reference)

1.136 (0.892–1.446) 0.301

1.262 (0.984–1.620) 0.067

1.583 (1.214–2.063) < 0.001

1.103 (1.049–1.161) < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Model 2

1 (reference)

1.138 (0.894–1.450) 0.293

1.250 (0.973–1.605) 0.081

1.530 (1.172–1.998) 0.002

1.095 (1.040–1.152) < 0.001

0.002

 Model 3

1 (reference)

1.142 (0.896–1.454) 0.283

1.256 (0.978–1.613) 0.075

1.539 (1.178–2.010) 0.002

1.096 (1.041–1.153) < 0.001

0.001

  1. Results were presented HR and 95% CI. First quartile: − 6.602 < DII ≤  − 1.799; second quartile: − 1.799 < DII ≤  − 0.395; third quartile: − 0.395 < DII ≤ 0.985; fourth quartile: 0.985 < DII ≤ 5.452. Italics represents P-value < 0.05
  2. aHazard ratio for per increase of 1 in DII
  3. bModel 1 was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education, Townsend deprivation index, and energy intake
  4. cModel 2 was further adjusted for diabetes, blood pressure status, drinking status, smoking status, body mass index, and physical activity
  5. dModel 3 was adjusted for the same variables as in Model 2 and further for family history of dementia
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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