Fig. 6

Neuroimaging-based machine learning model assessment checklist for psychiatry (N-ML-MAP-P). A provides details for five items and scoring criteria in this checklist for evaluating the study quality of all the included studies. B presents a scatter plot for showing the trends of improving study quality during the recent decade (2011–2021). C shows the overall study quality for each psychiatric category in existing studies. This plot is ranked by total quality score, and bars indicate standard error (S.E.). C provides a frequency plot for overall quality scores. D shows the trajectories of study quality for different affiliations, including data/computer science, neuroscience, psychiatry, and others. E draws a scatter plot showing the association between journal quality (i.e., journal impact factor, JIC) and overall quality scores. D provides a scatter plot to show the association of overall quality scores with model accuracy as reported in these studies