Fig. 3

Estimated time-varying hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between inflammatory skin conditions and anxiety or depression. Red/blue dotted line and region, fully parametric penalised spline; black dotted line and region, the proportional hazards estimate and 95% CI from the relevant Cox model. Confidence intervals for the spline models show the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles from 200 bootstrap iterations of the model. All models adjusted for age, sex, practice, deprivation, calendar period, asthma (in eczema) or psoriatic arthropathy (in psoriasis), and Charlson comorbidity index, BMI (as evidence of obesity), smoking status, harmful alcohol use (plus sleep problems and high dose oral glucocorticoid use in the eczema models)