Adherence to healthy diet and risk of cardiovascular disease in adult survivors of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort: a cross-sectional study

Table 3 Multivariable^a odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cardiovascular disease by categories of dietary pattern scores and underlying predicted CVD risk^b in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study

	Continuous^c	Quintile 1	Quintile 2	Quintile 3	Quintile 4	Quintile 5	p trend
Men
HEI-2015
High-underlying CVD risk	-^d	1.00	1.08 (0.69–1.69)	1.27 (0.80–2.02)	1.30 (0.80–2.09)	0.79 (0.44–1.42)	0.910
Low-underlying CVD risk	-^d	1.00	0.63 (0.30–1.28)	1.22 (0.63–2.37)	0.96 (0.44–2.08)	0.68 (0.29–1.62)	0.705
DASH
High-underlying CVD risk	1.03 (0.85–1.23)	1.00	0.95 (0.61–1.50)	1.25 (0.79–1.98)	0.93 (0.56–1.54)	1.54 (0.90–2.61)	0.199
Low-underlying CVD risk	0.91 (0.68–1.21)	1.00	0.81 (0.40–1.63)	0.48 (0.22–1.07)	1.22 (0.59–2.52)	0.85 (0.36–1.99)	0.983
		Tertile 1	Tertile 2	Tertile 3
aMED
High-underlying CVD risk	1.00 (0.92–1.08)	1.00	0.94 (0.65–1.37)	1.17 (0.78–1.74)			0.484
Low-underlying CVD risk	0.93 (0.82–1.07)	1.00	1.00(0.60–1.75)	1.14 (0.60–2.18)			0.717
Women
HEI-2015
High-underlying CVD risk	0.84 (0.69–1.01)	1.00	0.79 (0.42–1.49)	0.71 (0.38–1.32)	0.54 (0.29–1.02)	0.62 (0.32–1.17)	0.099
Low-underlying CVD risk	1.00 (0.73–1.37)	1.00	1.01 (0.36–2.89)	0.58 (0.20–1.70)	1.26 (0.47–3.43)	0.96 (0.33–2.78)	0.910
DASH
High-underlying CVD risk	0.79 (0.64–0.99)	1.00	0.72 (0.39–1.34)	0.57 (0.31–1.05)	0.62 (0.34–1.16)	0.48 (0.26–0.89)	0.029
Low-underlying CVD risk	0.91 (0.63–1.31)	1.00	0.86 (0.31–2.43)	1.26 (0.46–3.43)	0.60 (0.20–1.80)	1.26 (0.44–3.59)	0.739
		Tertile 1	Tertile 2	Tertile 3
aMED
High-underlying CVD risk	0.92 (0.92–1.02)	1.00	0.66 (0.43–1.03)	0.71 (0.43–1.17)			0.138
Low-underlying CVD risk	0.92 (0.77–1.11)	1.00	0.61 (0.29–1.28)	0.72 (0.31–1.70)			0.355

^aAdjusts for age; race (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic or other); education (less than high school, high school graduation, training after high school, and college or post-grad); smoking (never, former, and current); alcohol (0, 0–0.49,0.5–0.99, 1–1.99, and 2+ drinks/day); BMI (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese); physical activity (never/rarely and yes); multivitamin use (yes and no); single supplement use (yes and no); history of diabetes (yes and no); history of hypertension (yes and no); history of high cholesterol (yes and no); and cancer treatment receiving anthracycline (yes and no); alkylating agents (yes and no); platinum based agents (yes and no); and chest radiation (yes and no)
^bIndividual’s underlying predicted risk of CVD by age 50 was estimated using the Cardiovascular Risk Calculator for childhood cancer survivors. A risk score 3 or greater was defined as high risk
^cIncrement of 10 scores for HEI-2015 and DASH and 1 score for Mediterranean diet
^dBecause the association between HEI-2015 and CVD was not linear, continuous analysis was not performed
HEI-2015, Healthy Eating Index-2015; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; aMED, Alternate Mediterranean diet

ISSN: 1741-7015