Table 2 Results of the CSH regression model for 10-year incidence of DR (n = 23,531)

Sex (M)

1.07 (1.02, 1.12)

 < 0.01^**

1.08 (1.03, 1.13)

 < 0.001^***

DBP (mmHg)

0.97 (0.94, 1.0)

0.07

0.97 (0.94, 0.99)

 < 0.05^*

HbA1c (%)

1.15 (1.11, 1.20)

 < 0.001^***

1.15 (1.11, 1.20)

 < 0.001^***

HbA1c × NLR^#

0.94 (0.91, 0.97)

 < 0.001^***

0.94 (0.91, 0.97)

 < 0.001^***

SBP (mmHg)

1.05 (1.03, 1.06)

 < 0.001^***

1.05 (1.03, 1.06)

 < 0.001^***

Age × NLR^#

0.99 (0.99, 1.0)

0.30

0.99 (0.99, 0.99)

 < 0.001^***

NLR (> 3.04)

2.32 (1.21, 4.43)

 < 0.05^*

1.63 (1.28, 2.07)

 < 0.001^***

non-HDL-c (mmol/L)

0.82 (0.75, 0.91)

 < 0.001^***

0.82 (0.75, 0.91)

 < 0.001^***

BMI (kg/m²)

0.95 (0.94, 0.97)

 < 0.001^***

0.95 (0.94, 0.97)

 < 0.001^***

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

1.03 (0.98, 1.08)

0.19

-

-

Diabetes drug (yes)

1.11 (1.05, 1.17)

 < 0.001

1.11 (1.06, 1.17)

 < 0.001^***

Age (years)

1.02 (0.98, 1.06)

0.17

-

-

eGFR × NLR^#

0.98 (0.94, 1.01)

0.26

-

-