Table 4 Scores for symptom measures at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, by treatment group

Beck Suicide Ideation Scale

 Baseline

461

10.1 (8.7)

440

10.5 (8.9)

 3 months

446

5.6 (7.7)

425

1.9 (4.9)

 − 3.6 (− 4.9, − 2.4)

 < .001

 6 months

438

3.9 (6.6)

426

1.5 (4.6)

 − 2.3 (− 3.6, − 1.1)

 < .001

 9 months

434

3.2 (5.9)

420

1.4 (4.3)

 − 1.7 (− 3.0, − 0.5)

.007

 12 months

431

1.9 (5.1)

424

0.9 (3.5)

 − 1.0 (− 2.2, 0.3)

.133

Beck Depression Inventory

 Baseline

461

25.1 (12.5)

440

25.6 (11.9)

 3 months

446

18.7 (12.7)

425

11.6 (10.7)

 − 7.1 (− 8.7, − 5.4)

 < .001

 6 months

438

14.9 (10.5)

426

9.3 (9.3)

 − 5.5 (− 7.2, − 3.9)

 < .001

 9 months

434

11.9 (9.3)

420

7.8 (8.4)

 − 4.1 (− 5.7, − 2.5)

 < .001

 12 months

431

8.9 (10.5)

424

6.5 (8.7)

 − 2.4 (− 4.0, − 0.8)

.004

Beck Hopelessness Scale

 Baseline

461

9.5 (6.0)

440

9.5 (6.0)

 3 months

446

7.5 (5.6)

425

4.9 (4.9)

 − 2.6 (− 3.4, − 1.8)

 < .001

 6 months

438

7.1 (5.7)

426

4.2 (4.8)

 − 2.9 (− 3.7, − 2.0)

 < .001

 9 months

434

5.4 (4.9)

420

4.5 (4.6)

 − 0.9 (− 1.7, − 0.1)

.034

 12 months

431

4.2 (5.2)

424

3.4 (4.4)

 − 0.8 (− 1.6, 0.0)

.054

Coping Resource Inventory (CRI)

 Baseline

461

150 (28)

440

148 (29)

 3 months

446

154 (2)

425

166 (26)

12 (8, 16)

 < .001

 6 months

438

158 (26)

426

169 (24)

11 (7, 15)

 < .001

 9 months

434

163 (25)

420

168 (24)

6 (2, 10)

.002

 12 months

431

176 (30)

424

183 (29)

8 (4, 12)

 < .001

CRI: Cognitive Raw Score

 Baseline

461

22.9 (6.4)

440

22.5 (6.7)

 3 months

446

23.9 (6.4)

425

26.6 (5.6)

2.8 (2.0, 3.6)

 < .001

 6 months

438

24.5 (6.0)

425

27.0 (5.3)

2.6 (1.8, 3.4)

 < .001

 9 months

434

26.2 (5.5)

420

27.5 (5.3)

1.3 (0.5, 2.1)

.001

 12 months

431

28.3 (6.4)

423

29.7 (5.9)

1.5 (0.7, 2.3)

 < .001

CRI: Social Raw Score

 Baseline

461

33.2 (7.5)

440

32.6 (7.9)

 3 months

446

34.1 (7.2)

425

37.0 (6.9)

3.0 (2.0, 4.0)

 < .001

 6 months

438

35.4 (6.5)

426

37.8 (6.6)

2.5 (1.5, 3.5)

 < .001

 9 months

434

36.6 (6.4)

420

38.2 (6.7)

1.6 (0.6, 2.7)

.002

 12 months

431

39.4 (7.7)

424

41.0 (7.6)

1.7 (0.7, 2.7)

.001

CRI: Emotional Raw Score

 Baseline

461

39.9 (8.9)

440

39.3 (9.0)

 3 months

446

40.9 (8.6)

425

43.8 (8.1)

3.0 (1.6, 4.3)

 < .001

 6 months

437

42.2 (8.1)

426

45.2 (7.6)

3.1 (1.7, 4.4)

 < .001

 9 months

434

43.2 (7.9)

420

44.7 (7.6)

1.6 (0.2, 2.9)

.020

 12 months

431

46.9 (9.6)

423

49.2 (9.3)

2.4 (1.1, 3.8)

.001

CRI: Spiritual/philosophical Raw Score

 Baseline

461

28.6 (6.1)

440

28.5 (6.1)

 3 months

445

29.3 (6.0)

425

30.9 (5.7)

1.9 (1.0, 2.7)

 < .001

 6 months

438

30.1 (5.7)

426

31.6 (4.8)

1.8 (0.9, 2.7)

 < .001

 9 months

434

30.2 (5.3)

420

31.2 (5.2)

1.1 (0.3, 2.0)

.011

 12 months

431

33.1 (6.0)

424

34.2 (5.9)

1.4 (0.5, 2.2)

.002

CRI: Physical Raw Score

 Baseline

461

25.6 (4.5)

440

25.2 (4.4)

 3 months

446

25.9 (4.9)

425

27.4 (4.6)

1.7 (1.1, 2.3)

 < .001

 6 months

438

26.3 (4.5)

426

27.7 (4.3)

1.5 (0.9, 2.1)

 < .001

 9 months

434

26.2 (4.1)

420

26.6 (3.9)

0.5 (− 0.1, 1.0)

.121

 12 months

431

28.3 (4.7)

424

29.1 (4.6)

0.9 (0.3, 1.5)

.003

EQ-5D Index Score

 Baseline

461

0.48 (0.38)

440

0.46 (0.40)

 3 months

446

0.65 (0.34)

425

0.78 (0.30)

0.13 (0.08, 0.17)

 < .001

 6 months

438

0.74 (0.28)

426

0.82 (0.26)

0.08 (0.04, 0.12)

 < .001

 9 months

434

0.79 (0.27)

420

0.86 (0.24)

0.06 (0.02, 0.11)

.005

 12 months

431

0.82 (0.29)

424

0.86 (0.22)

0.05 (0.00, 0.09)

.041

EQ-5D visual analogue scale

 Baseline

461

54.8 (19.9)

440

53.7 (21.4)

 3 months

446

60.4 (20.2)

425

69.9 (19.6)

9.5 (6.9, 12.1)

 < .001

 6 months

438

64.8 (19.4)

426

75.0 (17.1)

10.2 (7.6, 12.8)

 < .001

 9 months

434

67.9 (17.5)

420

74.2 (15.6)

6.3 (3.7, 8.9)

 < .001

 12 months

431

73.0 (18.5)

424

75.6 (17.8)

2.6 (− 0.0, 5.2)

.054