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Table 2 Fifty-two preliminary outcomes included in the second Delphi survey and first consensus meeting

From: The development of a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multimorbidity

Maternal outcomes

Children’s outcomes

Survival

1. Maternal death

Clinical: antenatal

2. Miscarriagea

3. Termination of pregnancya

4. Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome

5. Placenta abruption

6. Placenta insufficiency

7. Venous thromboembolism

Clinical: peripartum

8. Preterm premature rupture of membrane

9. Severe maternal morbidity

10. Postpartum haemorrhage

11. Hysterectomy

12. Maternal infection

Clinical: postpartum and longer term

13. Development of new long-term conditions

14. Impact on long-term conditions

Resource use/care-related outcomes

15. Admission to intensive care unit

16. Involvement in care decisions (overall care)

17. Involvement in care decisions (types of birth)a

18. Postpartum admission/readmission

19. Quality and experience of carea

20. Care for long-term conditionsa

Mental health

21. Suicide (perinatal)

22. Post-traumatic stress disorder

23. Perinatal mental health

24. Self-harm (perinatal)

25. Perinatal mental health support

Survival

1. Death before birth (intrauterine death, stillbirth, perinatal death)

2. Death after birth (neonatal death, infant death)

Clinical: fetal

3. Fetal growth restriction

Clinical: neonatal

4. Gestational age at birth

5. Apgar score

6. Birth weight

7. Neonatal resuscitation required

8. Requiring intubation/ventilation

9. Neonatal birth injury

10. Neonatal sepsis

11. Brain injury on imaging

12. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

13. Necrotizing enterocolitis

14. Retinopathy of prematurity

15. Neonatal abstinence syndrome

16. Meconium aspiration syndrome

17. Separation of mother from babya

Clinical: infant

18. Chronic lung disease/bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Clinical: longer term

19. Congenital anomaly

20. Cerebral palsy

21. Children mental health and behavioural disorder

22. Need for complex care

23. Neurodevelopmental conditions

Life impact/functioning

24. Visual impairment/blindness

25. Quality of lifea

Resource use

26. Admission to neonatal unit (including intensive care)

27. Neonatal readmission to hospital

  1. HELLP Haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets
  2. aThe seven Borderline outcomes that were included after discussion in the first consensus meeting