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Table 4 Percent difference in mean weight comparing change in pregnancy-averaged levels of air pollutants from 10 to 90th percentile (single-pollutant models)

From: Prenatal ambient air pollution exposure and child weight trajectories from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy to 2 years of age: a cohort study

Air pollutant

Age

Model 1

 

Model 2

 

Percent difference in weight

95% CI

P value

Percent difference in weight

95% CI

P value

PM2.5

3rd trimester

-10.24

-15.00

-5.21

 < 0.01

-9.25

-14.72

-3.43

 < 0.01

birth

-5.77

-9.45

-1.93

 < 0.01

-5.01

-9.04

-0.81

0.02

2 years

-3.32

-8.52

2.18

0.23

-3.58

-8.09

1.16

0.14

PM10

3rd trimester

-7.23

-12.29

-1.88

0.01

-4.93

-11.08

1.64

0.14

birth

-5.72

-9.45

-1.83

 < 0.01

-4.68

-9.06

-0.08

0.05

2 years

-7.50

-13.57

-1.02

0.02

-8.85

-14.13

-3.25

 < 0.01

NO2

3rd trimester

-10.85

-15.67

-5.74

 < 0.01

-10.94

-16.44

-5.07

 < 0.01

birth

-5.78

-9.54

-1.88

 < 0.01

-6.45

-10.47

-2.24

 < 0.01

2 years

-7.00

-11.86

-1.88

0.01

-7.79

-12.00

-3.38

 < 0.01

O3

3rd trimester

5.72

0.67

11.02

0.03

9.97

3.84

16.45

 < 0.01

birth

1.26

-2.27

4.92

0.49

3.91

-0.11

8.09

0.06

2 years

4.07

-1.18

9.59

0.13

4.82

0.19

9.65

0.04

  1. Model 1 includes infant age, two spline terms, and interactions between air pollutants and age and spline terms. Model 2 further adjusted for maternal education level, maternal race, pre-pregnancy BMI, hypertensive disorders, diabetic disorders, recruitment site, maternal age, parity, breastfeeding duration, postnatal air pollutant (same as the exposure), and ambient temperature
  2. CI confidence interval
  3. P values < 0.05 were italicized