Fig. 1

Improvement of survival rate and decrease of systemic pro-inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction in a swine model of LPS-induced AKI. All animals received an infusion of LPS 300 µg/kg (T0) without (control group) or with infusion of CER-001 at 20 mg/kg (CER20 group) followed for half of this group by a second infusion at 3 h of 20 mg/kg of CER-001 (CER20 × 2 group). At T24, surviving animals were sacrificed (gray band). A Survival curve of pigs upon challenge with LPS and CER-001 infusions. A significant statistical treatment trend was observed by log-rank, in the three groups (p = 0.0265 log-rank trend test, n = 6). B–D Serum levels of TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6 were measured by ELISA assay (n = 6 independent samples per time point and group). E–G Systemic complement activation was measured by Wieslab assay (n = 6 independent samples per time point and group). H, I Serum levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were measured by ELISA assay (n = 6 independent samples per time point and group). In each graph, the gray bands show two infusions (0–1 h and 3–4 h) of saline or CER-001 with flow rates of 250 ml/h. Results are presented as mean ± SEM. Significant differences were assessed using a two-way ANOVA for repeated measures with Tukey correction for multiple comparisons (*p < 0.05 **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005 vs the LPS group; §p < 0.05; §§p < 0.005, §§§p < 0.0005 vs the CER20 group). Details of differences between Tukey correction and uncorrected Fisher’s LSD for significant comparisons are listed in Additional File 1: Table S1