Fig. 2

Visualization of associations between maternal metabolic conditions, offspring NDCs, and obstetric and neonatal complications. Logistic regression, with standard errors adjusted using a robust sandwich estimator. The X-axis is on a logarithmic scale. Y-axis labels represent the following: (1) pregnancy hypertensive diseases; (2) placenta/membrane disorders; (3) gestational infection; (4) intrauterine hypoxia; (5) SGA; (6) LGA; (7) labor complications; (8) preterm birth; (9) neonatal asphyxia comorbidities; (10) neonatal hematological comorbidities; (11) neonatal hypoglycemia; (12) neonatal infection. A A visualization of associations of maternal metabolic conditions as exposures with obstetric and neonatal complications as outcomes. Adjusted for the child’s sex, birthyear, maternal age, birth order, maternal birth country, and disposable income at birth. The associations related to GDM were further adjusted for maternal BMI. B A visualization of associations of obstetric and neonatal complications as exposures with offspring NDCs as outcomes. Adjusted for child’s sex, birthyear, maternal age, birth order, maternal birth country, disposable income at birth, and maternal psychiatric history