Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample over exposures
| Â | No diabetes | PGDM | GDM | Normal weight | Adiposity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n=2309663) | (n=22127) | (n=21179) | (n=1156856) | (n=554010) | |
Characteristics | |||||
 Any NDCs | 132502 (5.7%) | 1814 (8.2%) | 1516 (7.2%) | 58241 (5.0%) | 37690 (6.8%) |
 Autism | 44469 (1.9%) | 608 (2.7%) | 577 (2.7%) | 19765 (1.7%) | 12777 (2.3%) |
 ADHD | 99634 (4.3%) | 1318 (6.0%) | 1034 (4.9%) | 44014 (3.8%) | 28731 (5.2%) |
 ID | 20092 (0.9%) | 366 (1.7%) | 306 (1.4%) | 7952 (0.7%) | 6029 (1.1%) |
Child’s sex | |||||
 Male | 1185538 (51.3%) | 11307 (51.1%) | 11026 (52.1%) | 593437 (51.3%) | 284691 (51.4%) |
 Female | 1124125 (48.7%) | 10820 (48.9%) | 10153 (47.9%) | 563419 (48.7%) | 269319 (48.6%) |
Birthyear | |||||
 1987-1992 | 647353 (28.0%) | 6073 (27.4%) | 5251 (24.8%) | 228965 (19.8%) | 56782 (10.2%) |
 1993-1998 | 553617 (24.0%) | 5124 (23.2%) | 5070 (23.9%) | 312194 (27.0%) | 138007 (24.9%) |
 1999-2004 | 515651 (22.3%) | 5027 (22.7%) | 4793 (22.6%) | 281640 (24.3%) | 159325 (28.8%) |
 2005-2010 | 593042 (25.7%) | 5903 (26.7%) | 6065 (28.6%) | 334057 (28.9%) | 199896 (36.1%) |
Maternal age, mean (SD) | 29.2 (5.1) | 29.9 (5.4) | 31.7 (5.4) | 29.3 (5.0) | 29.9 (5.2) |
Maternal birth country | |||||
 Nordic | 1992882 (86.3%) | 18736 (84.7%) | 15142 (71.5%) | 1007793 (87.1%) | 466840 (84.3%) |
 Europe | 97710 (4.2%) | 545 (2.5%) | 1125 (5.3%) | 50909 (4.4%) | 22642 (4.1%) |
 Africa | 41345 (1.8%) | 815 (3.7%) | 1047 (4.9%) | 15989 (1.4%) | 15099 (2.7%) |
 Asia | 148144 (6.4%) | 1803 (8.1%) | 3432 (16.2%) | 69126 (6.0%) | 41116 (7.4%) |
 Other | 29582 (1.3%) | 228 (1.0%) | 433 (2.0%) | 13039 (1.1%) | 8313 (1.5%) |
Disposable income at birth | |||||
 1 (lowest) | 322536 (14.0%) | 3474 (15.7%) | 4199 (19.8%) | 137296 (11.9%) | 79115 (14.3%) |
 2 | 473269 (20.5%) | 5136 (23.2%) | 5249 (24.8%) | 221609 (19.2%) | 132021 (23.8%) |
 3 | 496262 (21.5%) | 4886 (22.1%) | 4381 (20.7%) | 246102 (21.3%) | 133214 (24.0%) |
 4 | 507824 (22.0%) | 4698 (21.2%) | 3988 (18.8%) | 265800 (23.0%) | 121770 (22.0%) |
 5 (highest) | 509772 (22.1%) | 3933 (17.8%) | 3362 (15.9%) | 286049 (24.7%) | 87890 (15.9%) |
Birth order | |||||
 1 | 992824 (43.0%) | 8530 (38.6%) | 7187 (33.9%) | 527609 (45.6%) | 207246 (37.4%) |
 2 | 837502 (36.3%) | 7782 (35.2%) | 7083 (33.4%) | 420561 (36.4%) | 205141 (37.0%) |
 >=3 | 479337 (20.8%) | 5815 (26.3%) | 6909 (32.6%) | 208686 (18.0%) | 141623 (25.6%) |
Maternal psychiatric history | 115444 (5.0%) | 1968 (8.9%) | 1414 (6.7%) | 56868 (4.9%) | 35241 (6.4%) |
Mediators | |||||
Pregnancy hypertensive diseases | 95092 (4.1%) | 2930 (13.2%) | 1860 (8.8%) | 37923 (3.3%) | 37311 (6.7%) |
Placenta/membrane disorders | 112498 (4.9%) | 1596 (7.2%) | 1341 (6.3%) | 56768 (4.9%) | 26342 (4.8%) |
Gestational infection | 82081 (3.6%) | 1664 (7.5%) | 1172 (5.5%) | 41343 (3.6%) | 24345 (4.4%) |
Intrauterine hypoxia | 163647 (7.1%) | 2848 (12.9%) | 1710 (8.1%) | 82377 (7.1%) | 45047 (8.1%) |
SGA | 53530 (2.3%) | 485 (2.2%) | 387 (1.8%) | 25716 (2.2%) | 10656 (1.9%) |
LGA | 75127 (3.3%) | 4403 (19.9%) | 2646 (12.5%) | 28604 (2.5%) | 33445 (6.0%) |
Labour complications | 77562 (3.4%) | 1292 (5.8%) | 889 (4.2%) | 38006 (3.3%) | 20748 (3.7%) |
Preterm birth | 108050 (4.7%) | 3225 (14.6%) | 1725 (8.1%) | 49685 (4.3%) | 26713 (4.8%) |
Neonatal asphyxia comorbidities | 95575 (4.1%) | 2529 (11.4%) | 1338 (6.3%) | 43125 (3.7%) | 26814 (4.8%) |
Neonatal hematological comorbidities | 107856 (4.7%) | 2648 (12.0%) | 1635 (7.7%) | 50096 (4.3%) | 30431 (5.5%) |
Neonatal hypoglycemia | 37130 (1.6%) | 3530 (16.0%) | 1754 (8.3%) | 18457 (1.6%) | 14953 (2.7%) |
Neonatal infection | 76135 (3.3%) | 1252 (5.7%) | 952 (4.5%) | 37333 (3.2%) | 22206 (4.0%) |