Is metabolic-healthy obesity associated with risk of dementia? An age-stratified analysis of the Whitehall II cohort study

Table 4 Association of metabolic-obesity phenotypes trajectories between 1991 and 2002 with risk of dementia

Metabolic-obesity phenotypes trajectories	N dementia cases/total	Dementia rate per 1000 person-years	Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Metabolic-obesity phenotypes trajectories	N dementia cases/total	Dementia rate per 1000 person-years	Model 1^a	Model 2^b
Median follow-up 15.5 (IQR 15.0–15.9) years
Persistent MHNO	149/3048	3.30	Ref	Ref
Transition from MUNO to MHNO	18/321	3.93	0.94 (0.58, 1.54)	0.87 (0.52, 1.43)
Transition from MHNO to MUNO	29/603	3.28	0.86 (0.58, 1.29)	0.87 (0.58, 1.29)
Persistent/transition to unhealthy metabolic status and/or transition to obesity	169/2195	5.41	1.27 (1.02, 1.59)	1.22 (0.98, 1.53)
Transition to obesity and persistent obesity	50/622	5.77	1.52 (1.10, 2.11)	1.40 (1.01, 1.95)

MHNO metabolically healthy non-obesity, MUNO metabolically unhealthy non-obesity
^aModel 1 indicates that analyses were adjusted for age (as timescale), sex, education, ethnicity, marital status, and birth cohort (5-year groups)
^bModel 2 indicates model 1 adjustment plus adjustment for health-related behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and physical activity)

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