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Fig. 3 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Male- and female-specific reproductive risk factors across the lifespan for dementia or cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fig. 3

Associations of peri-menopause, post-menopause, and gynecological operations with risk of dementia or cognitive decline. Factors included in peri-menopause were menopause-related (1), and factors included in post-menopause were sex hormones in the elderly female (2). A total of 5 factors were included in the gynecological operations (3). All factors are listed in the order of RR values on the main outcome from least to most. The patchwork patterns by circle and square represent RR, and the horizontal lines across the spot represent 95% CI. Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval, E2: estradiol, RR: relative risk, SHBG: sex hormone–binding globulin, T: testosterone, WQS: weighted-NOS score

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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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