Table 2 Hazard ratio (HR) and 95 confidence interval (CI) for the association of peripheral vertigo with the risk of depression or anxiety
Groups | Depression | Anxiety | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of cases among people with vertigo | HR (95% CI) | No. of cases among people with vertigo | HR (95% CI) | |
Overall | ||||
98 | 2.18 (1.79–2.67) | 87 | 2.11 (1.71–2.61) | |
Sex | ||||
Male | 35 | 2.36 (1.70–3.30) | 20 | 1.59 (1.03–2.47) |
Female | 63 | 2.06 (1.61–2.64) | 67 | 2.90 (2.40–3.51) |
Age at recruitment (years) | ||||
~50 | 11 | 1.65 (0.91–2.97) | 7 | 1.25 (0.60–2.63) |
51~60 | 23 | 1.81 (1.20–2.73) | 19 | 1.81 (1.16–2.85) |
61~ | 64 | 2.48 (1.93–3.17) | 61 | 2.35 (1.83–3.03) |
Educational attainment | ||||
College | 13 | 1.56 (0.90–2.69) | 16 | 2.09 (1.28–3.42) |
Tertiary | 28 | 2.15 (1.48–3.12) | 19 | 1.53 (0.97–2.40) |
Secondary | 19 | 2.45 (1.56–3.85) | 21 | 2.86 (1.86–4.40) |
Below secondary | 36 | 2.49 (1.79–3.46) | 30 | 2.20 (1.54–3.16) |
Annual income (pound) | ||||
≥ 31,000 | 18 | 2.01 (1.26–3.19) | 17 | 1.99 (1.23–3.20) |
18,000~30,999 | 23 | 2.38 (1.58–3.58) | 17 | 1.76 (1.09–2.83) |
< 18,000 | 30 | 1.85 (1.29–2.65) | 33 | 2.39 (1.69–3.36) |
Unknown | 27 | 2.68 (1.83–3.91) | 20 | 1.98 (1.27–3.07) |