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Fig. 3 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Association between menstrual cycle phase and metabolites in healthy, regularly menstruating women in UK Biobank, and effect modification by inflammatory markers and risk factors for metabolic disease

Fig. 3

Variations in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and total choleserol:HDL across the menstrual cycle for each model. Fat mass %, muscle mass %, age-specific grip strength (kg) z-score and age-specific cardiorespiratory fitness (METs) z-score are categorised as quartiles. Physical activity (METs) is categorised into low, medium and high according to previously defined criteria. Lines represent GAM estimates using a smoothing spline function. Shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals. The menstrual cycle phase is shown on a scale of 0–1; this corresponds to the approximate phases: follicular phase, 0–0.54; luteal phase, 0.54–1 [38]. Analyses were adjusted for age, ethnicity and deprivation. Significant non-linear relationships for each category level are denoted by the respective number at the top right corner. LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein

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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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