Table 3 Association between metabolites and anthropometric, lifestyle, fitness and inflammatory markers

BMI (kg/m²)

Glucose

7548

1.86

1.20

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

8387

4.94

16.39

 < 0.001

TyG index

7546

4.45

19.37

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

8385

3.34

3.88

 < 0.001

LDL

8372

4.26

7.28

 < 0.001

HDL

7547

4.40

16.08

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

7544

5.07

21.22

 < 0.001

Fat mass (%)

Glucose

7458

6.01

1.30

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

8289

4.29

14.60

 < 0.001

TyG index

7456

3.94

17.64

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

8287

3.74

4.38

 < 0.001

LDL

8274

4.05

7.98

 < 0.001

HDL

7457

3.92

14.18

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

7454

4.74

19.65

 < 0.001

Fat-free muscle mass (%)

Glucose

7450

2.42

0.95

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

8281

5.67

13.48

 < 0.001

TyG index

7448

4.09

16.38

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

8279

3.95

4.59

 < 0.001

LDL

8266

4.47

8.06

 < 0.001

HDL

7449

3.98

12.56

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

7446

4.41

18.05

 < 0.001

Grip strength (kg)

Glucose

7550

1.00

0.55

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

8388

2.41

1.99

 < 0.001

TyG index

7548

1.71

2.85

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

8386

1.00

1.94

0.166

LDL

8373

1.35

1.39

0.096

HDL

7549

2.24

1.65

0.002

Total to HDL cholesterol

7546

2.48

1.45

 < 0.001

Cardiorespiratory fitness (METs)

Glucose

1505

1.00

3.24

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

1601

4.61

9.72

 < 0.001

TyG index

1505

2.77

12.65

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

1602

2.32

4.17

 < 0.001

LDL

1602

4.09

5.90

 < 0.001

HDL

1506

2.59

7.99

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

1505

4.17

11.68

 < 0.001

Summed PA (MET min/week)

Glucose

6413

5.11

0.58

0.413

Triglyceride

7130

3.89

2.91

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

7128

2.38

2.11

0.004

TyG index

6411

4.99

3.79

 < 0.001

LDL

7117

3.26

2.05

 < 0.001

HDL

6411

4.28

2.81

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

6408

4.36

2.90

 < 0.001

CRP (mg/dL)

Glucose

7572

1.00

0.66

0.001

Total cholesterol

8409

5.49

3.10

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

8411

7.40

12.57

 < 0.001

LDL

8396

6.12

4.14

 < 0.001

HDL

7571

4.57

8.72

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

7568

6.42

11.97

 < 0.001

TyG index

7570

7.30

14.68

 < 0.001

IGF-1 (mmol/L)

Glucose

7572

2.69

0.91

 < 0.001

Triglyceride

8411

1.00

2.24

 < 0.001

TyG index

7570

1.00

3.33

 < 0.001

Total cholesterol

8409

2.51

2.17

0.003

LDL

8396

1.32

1.72

 < 0.001

HDL

7571

2.64

2.11

 < 0.001

Total to HDL cholesterol

7568

1.00

1.88

 < 0.001