Fig. 6

Neutrophil extracellular traps induced IM expansion in vitro. A GSEA plot of cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway in the AOSD-MAS group compared with the AOSD group. B GSVA correlation between DNA sensing pathway and IM signature. C The expression levels of potential DNA sensors in AOSD-MAS, AOSD, and HCs. D The expression levels of ZBP1, DDX60, AIM2, and IFI16 in AOSD-MAS, AOSD, and HCs. E PBMCs from healthy donors were isolated and culture with AOSD-NETs or HC-NETs for 24 h. Representative flow cytometry plots of NET-stimulated monocyte subset change. F CD16 MFI (median fluorescence intensity) of monocytes upon NETs stimulation. G Monocyte subset alteration after NET stimulation. H,I mRNA levels of DDX60 and IFI16 upon NETs stimulation. J CD16 MFI of monocytes stimulated with AOSD-NETs and AOSD-NETs without DNA components. K Monocyte subset alteration after stimulation with AOSD-NETs and AOSD-NETs without DNA. L Representative immunoblot analysis for inflammasome pathway in sorted IMs. M Caspase-1 activity in sorted IMs exposed to AOSD-NETs, AOSD-NETs without DNA, HC-NETs, HC-NETs without DNA, and a positive control, ATP. N The secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 were measured by ELISA. Data show representative of three independent experiments in F, G, I, and J. Data pooled from three independent experiments in D, M and N. * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001, **** = p < 0.0001, ns = not significance, by Spearman’s test in B or by ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons in F, H, I, J, M and N