Table 9 Medical costs during the baseline and post-acute phasesa stratified by disposition during acute COVID-19
Cost description | No hospitalization (n = 3546) | Hospitalization without ICU admission (n = 164) | ICU admission (n = 82) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline phase | Post-acute phase | Change from baseline to post-acute phase, Δ (% change) | Baseline phase | Post-acute phase | Change from baseline to post-acute phase, Δ (% change) | Baseline phase | Post-acute phase | Change from baseline to post-acute phase, Δ (% change) | |
Inpatient visits | |||||||||
Total cost | 304,291 | 2,062,445 | 1,758,153 (577.8) | 32,803 | 486,273 | 453,469 (1382.4) | 0 | 983,061 | 983,061 (NC) |
Standard costs, patient n | 18 | 63 | 3 | 16 | 0 | 15 | |||
Mean ± SD | 16,905 ± 9847 | 32,737 ± 38,912 | 15,832 (93.7) | 10,934 ± 10,516 | 30,392 ± 28,430 | 19,458 (177.9) | NC | 65,537 ± 65,556 | 65,537 (NC) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 14,777 (11,159; 20,114) | 16,007 (11,786; 44,054) | 1229 (8.3) | 10,701 (537; 21,566) | 27,602 (2506; 49,195) | 16,902 (158.0) | NC | 40,266 (4928; 120,540) | 40,266 (NC) |
Nonzero costs, patient n | 18 | 63 | 45 (250.0) | 3 | 13 | 10 (333.3) | 0 | 15 | 15 (NC) |
Mean ± SD | 16,905 ± 9847 | 32,737 ± 38,912 | 15,832 (93.7) | 10,934 ± 10,516 | 37,406 ± 26,946 | 26,471 (242.1) | NC | 65,537 ± 65,556 | 65,537 (NC) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 14,777 (11,159; 20,114) | 16,007 (11,786; 44,054) | 1229 (8.3) | 10,701 (537; 21,566) | 38,496 (16,802; 53,778) | 27,795 (259.7) | NC | 40,266 (4928; 120,540) | 40,266 (NC) |
Readmission | |||||||||
Total cost | 0 | 367,979 | 367,979 (NC) | 0 | 236,797 | 236,797 (NC) | 0 | 691,151 | 691,151 (NC) |
Standard costs, patient n | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 9 | |||
Mean ± SD | NC | 52,568 ± 56,501 | 52,568 (NC) | NC | 33,828 ± 24,414 | 33,828 (NC) | NC | 76,795 ± 58,354 | 76,795 (NC) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | NC | 25,493 (12,064; 125,240) | 25,493 (NC) | NC | 37,651 (16,802; 53,778) | 37,651 (NC) | NC | 65,694 (38,770; 118,210) | 65,694 (NC) |
Nonzero costs, patient n | 0 | 7 | 7 (NC) | 0 | 6 | 6 (NC) | 0 | 9 | 9 (NC) |
Mean ± SD | NC | 52,568 ± 56,501 | 52,568 (NC) | NC | 39,466 ± 21,171 | 39,466 (NC) | NC | 76,795 ± 58,354 | 76,795 (NC) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | NC | 25,493 (12,064; 125,240) | 25,493 (NC) | NC | 38,766 (17,217; 53,778) | 38,766 (NC) | NC | 65,694 (38,770; 118,210) | 65,694 (NC) |
Outpatient visits | |||||||||
Total cost | 4,440,316 | 10,621,198 | 6,180,882 (139.2) | 186,676 | 1,180,731 | 994,056 (532.5) | 74,423 | 455,281 | 380,857 (511.7) |
Standard costs, patient n | 2865 | 3106 | 113 | 145 | 48 | 65 | |||
Mean ± SD | 1550 ± 2616 | 3420 ± 8433 | 1870 (120.6) | 1652 ± 2294 | 8143 ± 29,601 | 6491 (392.9) | 1550 ± 2910 | 7004 ± 13,389 | 5454 (351.7) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 667 (280; 1762) | 1351 (510; 3300) | 684 (102.5) | 626 (275; 1962) | 1752 (465; 5795) | 1126 (180.0) | 393 (160; 1229) | 1672 (743; 4673) | 1279 (325.5) |
Nonzero costs, patient n | 2864 | 3105 | 241 (8.4) | 113 | 145 | 32 (28.3) | 48 | 65 | 17 (35.4) |
Mean ± SD | 1550 ± 2617 | 3421 ± 8434 | 1870 (120.6) | 1652 ± 2294 | 8143 ± 29,601 | 6491 (392.9) | 1550 ± 2910 | 7004 ± 13,389 | 5454 (351.7) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 667 (280; 1764) | 1351 (510; 3300) | 684 (102.5) | 626 (275; 1962) | 1752 (465; 5795) | 1126 (180.0) | 393 (160; 1229) | 1672 (743; 4673) | 1279 (325.5) |
Emergency department visits | |||||||||
Total cost | 708,502 | 985,099 | 276,597 (39.0) | 48,565 | 81,825 | 33,260 (68.5) | 20,978 | 21,880 | 903 (4.3) |
Standard costs, patient n | 356 | 428 | 27 | 34 | 9 | 9 | |||
Mean ± SD | 1990 ± 1472 | 2302 ± 2198 | 311 (15.6) | 1799 ± 1419 | 2407 ± 2466 | 608 (33.8) | 2331 ± 2258 | 2431 ± 1595 | 100 (4.3) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 1661 (1064; 2676) | 1686 (1080; 2745) | 25 (1.5) | 1491 (951; 2391) | 1581 (724; 3152) | 90 (6.1) | 1012 (905; 3223) | 1991 (1422; 2774) | 978 (96.7) |
Nonzero costs, patient n | 355 | 428 | 73 (20.6) | 27 | 34 | 7 (25.9) | 9 | 9 | 0 (0.0) |
Mean ± SD | 1996 ± 1470 | 2302 ± 2198 | 306 (15.3) | 1799 ± 1419 | 2407 ± 2466 | 608 (33.8) | 2331 ± 2258 | 2431 ± 1595 | 100 (4.3) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 1663 (1067; 2684) | 1686 (1080; 2745) | 22 (1.3) | 1491 (951; 2391) | 1581 (724; 3152) | 90 (6.1) | 1012 (905; 3223) | 1991 (1422; 2774) | 978 (96.7) |
Prescription claims | |||||||||
Total cost | 1,169,654 | 1,417,668 | 248,013 (21.2) | 48,249 | 141,684 | 93,435 (193.7) | 9112 | 60,793 | 51,681 (567.2) |
Standard costs, patient n | 2197 | 2432 | 94 | 114 | 36 | 57 | |||
Mean ± SD | 532 ± 2109 | 583 ± 2083 | 51 (9.5) | 513 ± 1751 | 1243 ± 4089 | 730 (142.1) | 253 ± 718 | 1067 ± 2016 | 813 (321.4) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 76 (22; 243) | 84 (31; 291) | 8 (10.1) | 46 (16; 171) | 131 (35; 628) | 84 (181.1) | 43 (22.9; 148.5) | 139 (55; 760) | 95 (219.2) |
Nonzero costs, patient n | 2197 | 2432 | 235 (10.7) | 94 | 114 | 20 (21.3) | 36 | 57 | 21 (58.3) |
Mean ± SD | 532 ± 2109 | 583 ± 2083 | 51 (9.5) | 513 ± 1751 | 1243 ± 4089 | 730 (142.1) | 253 ± 718 | 1067 ± 2016 | 813 (321.4) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 76 (22; 243) | 84 (31; 291) | 8 (10.1) | 46 (16; 171) | 131 (35; 628) | 84 (181.1) | 43 (22.9; 148.5) | 139 (55; 760) | 95 (219.2) |
All medical costs (outpatient, inpatient, and prescription claims) | |||||||||
Total cost | 5,914,262 | 14,101,310 | 8,187,048 (138.4) | 267,728 | 1,808,688 | 1,540,960 (575.6) | 83,535 | 1,499,135 | 1,415,600 (1694.6) |
Standard costs, patient n | 3034 | 3211 | 128 | 152 | 53 | 67 | |||
Mean ± SD | 1949 ± 3668 | 4392 ± 11,640 | 2442 (125.3) | 2092 ± 3625 | 11,899 ± 35,146 | 9808 (468.9) | 1576 ± 2890 | 22,375 ± 50,108 | 20,799 (1319.6) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 776 (288; 2068) | 1510 (521; 3792) | 734 (94.5) | 626 (235; 2050) | 1990 (439; 7527) | 1364 (218.0) | 379 (161; 1213) | 2264 (940; 9140) | 1885 (497.8) |
Nonzero costs, patient n | 3033 | 3211 | 178 (5.9) | 128 | 152 | 24 (18.8) | 53 | 67 | 14 (26.4) |
Mean ± SD | 1950 ± 3669 | 4392 ± 11,640 | 2442 (125.2) | 2092 ± 3625 | 11,899 ± 35,146 | 9808 (468.9) | 1576 ± 2890 | 22,375 ± 50,108 | 20,799 (1319.6) |
Median (Q1; Q3) | 776 (289; 2068) | 1510 (521; 3792) | 734 (94.5) | 626 (235; 2050) | 1990 (439; 7527) | 1364 (218.0) | 379 (161; 1213) | 2264 (940; 9140) | 1885 (497.8) |