Table 3 Primary and secondary outcomes

Primary outcome

 RAO at 3 months, % (n)

3.3 (12/365)

0.8 (3/361)

0.02

3.4 (12/357)

0.6 (2/344)

0.01

Secondary outcomes

 RAO at 24 h, % (n)

6.7 (27/403)

2.5 (10/398)

 < 0.01

5.8 (23/394)

1.6 (6/380)

 < 0.01

 dRAO at 3 months % (n)

0.0 (0/365)

1.4 (5/361)

0.03

0.0 (0/357)

1.2 (4/344)

0.04

 dRAO at 24 h, % (n)

0.2 (1/403)

2.3 (9/398)

0.01

0.0 (0/394)

2.4 (9/380)

 < 0.01

 Success rate of puncture, % (n)

98.5 (397/403)

96.0 (382/398)

0.03

100.0 (394/394)

100.0 (380/380)

1.00

 Success rate of procedure, % (n)

97.8 (394/403)

95.5 (380/398)

0.08

100.0 (394/394)

100.0 (380/380)

1.00

 Success rate in single puncture attempt, % (n)

83.9 (338/403)

70.9 (282/398)

 < 0.01

85.3 (336/394)

73.7 (280/380)

 < 0.01

 Puncture attempts

1 (1–1) (397)

1 (1–2) (382)

 < 0.01

1 (1–1) (394)

1 (1–2) (380)

 < 0.01

 Puncture time, s

60 (50–60) (397)

60 (50–90) (382)

 < 0.01

60 (50–60) (394)

60 (50–90) (380)

 < 0.01

 Total procedural time, min

30.0 (15.0–47.0) (403)

25.0 (15.0–38.5) (398)

0.06

30.0 (15.0–45.5) (394)

23.0 (15.0–35.0)

(380)

0.02

 Total fluoroscopy time, min

4.2 (1.6–12.2) (341)

3.7 (1.8–11.0) (324)

0.55

4.2 (1.6–11.9) (332)

3.6 (1.9–10.0) (307)

0.41

 Radiation dose, mGy

106.6 (41.5–383.0) (340)

95.5 (39.9–318.5) (324)

0.29

106.2 (41.7–367.9) (331)

93.9 (40.3–290.5) (307)

0.24

 Contrast volume, ml

50.0 (50.0–110.0) (403)

50.0 (50.0–90.0) (398)

0.02

50 (50–110) (394)

50 (50–80) (380)

0.02

 Bleeding, % (n)

6.0 (24/403)

1.5 (6/398)

 < 0.01

6.1 (24/394)

1.6 (6/380)

 < 0.01

 BARC type 1

2.7 (11/403)

0.8 (3/398)

0.03

2.8 (11/394)

0.8 (3/380)

0.04

 BARC type ≥ 2

3.2 (13/403)

0.8 (3/398)

0.01

3.3 (13/394)

0.8 (3/380)

0.01

Haematoma, % (n)

4.5 (18/403)

4.5 (18/398)

0.97

4.1 (16/394)

3.7 (14/380)

0.79

 mEASY type I

2.2 (9/403)

3.8 (15/398)

0.20

2.0 (8/394)

3.4 (13/380)

0.23

 mEASY type ≥ II

2.2 (9/403)

0.8 (3/398)

0.09

2.0 (8/394)

0.3 (1/380)

0.04

Finger numbness, % (n)

9.2 (37/403)

20.4 (81/398)

 < 0.01

9.4 (37/394)

20.3 (77/380)

0.00

Pseudoaneurysm, % (n)

0.2 (1/403)

0.0 (0/398)

1.00

0.0 (0/394)

0.0 (0/380)

1.00

Arteriovenous fistula, % (n)

0.0 (0/403)

0.0 (0/398)

1.00

0.0 (0/394)

0.0 (0/380)

1.00

Pain during haemostasis

0 (0–1) (395)

0 (0–1) (395)

0.42

0 (0–1) (386)

0 (0–1) (373)

0.46

Change of the thickness of radial artery intima, mm

0.01 (− 0.01–0.04)

(403)

0.01 (− 0.01–0.04)

(398)

0.72

0.01 (− 0.01–0.04)

(394)

0.01 (− 0.01–0.04)

(380)

0.72