Table 3 High-level summaries of findings for data analyses by model groups
Clinical activities | Workforce | Technology involvement | Mortality | Hospital readmission | Length of care stay in days |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General inpatient-level care | Hospital or community-based professionals | Low intensity | Uncertain evidence (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.71; low-certainty RCT evidence) | There may be no difference between technology-enabled models of this group and hospital-based inpatient care, but there are some uncertainties around this as the confidence interval includes risk of benefits and harms (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.34; low-certainty RCT evidence) | There may be no difference between technology-enabled models of this group and hospital-based inpatient care, but there are some uncertainties around this as the confidence interval includes risk of benefits and harms (MD 0.29, 95% CI − 2.56 to 3.14; low-certainty RCT evidence) |
High intensity | Uncertain evidence (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.18 to 2.95; low-certainty RCT evidence) | Uncertain evidence (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.93; very low-certainty non-RCT evidence) | Uncertain evidence (MD − 1.07, 95% CI − 2.04 to − 0.10; very low-certainty non-RCT evidence) | ||
Hospital- and community-based professionals | Low intensity | Technology-enabled models of this group may have a lower mortality incidence on average than hospital-based inpatient care (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.95; low-certainty RCT evidence) | Technology-enabled models of this group may have a lower readmission incidence on average than hospital-based inpatient care (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.06; low-certainty RCT evidence) | No evidence available | |
High intensity | Uncertain evidence (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.19 to 3.15; low-certainty RCT evidence) | Technology-enabled models of this group may have a lower readmission incidence on average than hospital-based inpatient care (RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.60; low-certainty non-RCT evidence) | No evidence available | ||
Extended multidisciplinary inpatient-level care | Hospital or community-based professionals | Low intensity | Uncertain evidence (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.06 to 15.09; low-certainty RCT evidence) | There may be little to no difference between technology-enabled models of this group and hospital-based inpatient care, but there are some uncertainties around this as the confidence interval includes risk of benefits and harms (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.46; low-certainty RCT evidence) | Technology-enabled models of this group may have a shorter stay on average than hospital-based inpatient care (MD − 2.9, 95% CI − 4.2 to − 1.6; low-certainty RCT evidence) |
High intensity | No evidence available | Technology-enabled models of this group may have a lower readmission incidence on average than hospital-based inpatient care (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.86; low-certainty RCT evidence) | There may be no difference between technology-enabled models of this group and hospital-based inpatient care (MD 0.46, 95% CI − 0.22 to 1.14, low-certainty RCT evidence) | ||
Hospital- and community-based professionals | Low intensity | There is probably no difference between technology-enabled models of this group and hospital-based inpatient care (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.16; moderate-certainty RCT evidence) | There may be little to no difference between technology-enabled models of this group and hospital-based inpatient care, but there are some uncertainties around this as the confidence interval includes risk of benefits and harms (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.28; low-certainty RCT evidence) | Technology-enabled models of this group may have longer stay on average than hospital-based inpatient care (4.85, 95% CI 1.8 to 7.9Â days; low-certainty RCT evidence) | |
High intensity | No evidence available | No evidence available | No evidence available |