Table 1 Study population characteristics

Study visits

 Observations, n

1,352,979

14,939

 Positive for SARS-CoV-2, n (%)

32,937 (2.4)

354 (2.4)

  Void, n (%)

25,729 (1.9)

275 (1.8)

 Positive for RSV, n (%)

181 (1.2)

 Positive for Influenza A/B, n (%)

130 (0.9)

 Symptoms consistent with ILI-WHO, n (%)

34,317 (2.5)

367 (2.5)

  Missing, n (%)

26,936 (2.0)

354 (2.4)

 Symptoms consistent with ILI-ECDC, n (%)

194,986 (14.4)

2145 (14.4)

  Missing, n (%)

26,936 (2.0)

354 (2.4)

Participants

 Unique participants, n

359,186

14,664

 Unique households, n

185,359

12,554

 Observations, median (IQR)

4 (3–4)

1 (1–1)

 Country, n (%)

  England

301,818 (84.0)

11,748 (80.1)

  Scotland

27,625 (7.7)

1390 (9.5)

  Wales

19,137 (5.3)

795 (5.4)

  Northern Ireland

10,606 (3.0)

731 (5.0)

 Sex, n (%)

  Female

192,782 (53.7)

7911 (53.9)

  Male

166,404 (46.3)

6753 (46.1)

 Age group, n (%)

  02–6SY

18,484 (5.2)

789 (5.4)

  7SY–11SY

21,010 (5.9)

928 (6.3)

  12SY–34

41,396 (11.5)

1846 (12.6)

  35–49

67,492 (18.8)

2976 (20.3)

  50–64

96,229 (26.8)

4080 (27.8)

  65 + 

114,575 (31.9)

4045 (27.6)

 Age, median (IQR)

55 (37–68)

52 (35–66)

 Household size

  1

49,334 (13.7)

2151 (14.7)

  2

149,214 (41.5)

5621 (38.3)

  3 or more

160,638 (44.7)

6892 (47.0)

 Ethnicity

  White

332,821 (92.7)

13,402 (91.4)

  Non-white

26,365 (7.3)

1262 (8.6)

 Ever worked patient-facing health care, n (%)

15,447 (4.3)

640 (4.4)

 Ever reported long-term health concerns, n (%)

86,931 (24.2)

3322 (22.7)

 Ever vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, n (%)

334,013 (93.0)

13,586 (92.6)

    > 18 years

306,503/310,296 (98.8)

12,308/12,466 (98.7)

 Self-reported influenza vaccination

  Both 22/23 and 21/22

215,621 (60.0)

5694 (38.8)

  Only 22/23

10,739 (3.0)

269 (1.8)

  Only 21/22

56,002 (15.6)

5225 (35.6)

  Neither

76,824 (21.4)

3476 (23.7)