Total (n = 185,800) | Unweighted | IPWa | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Medication adherence (n = 63,860) | Medication non-adherence (n = 121,940) | P value | SMD | Medication adherence (n = 63,627.51) | Medication non-adherence (n = 122,261.95) | P value | SMD | ||
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||||||
Age, mean (SD), years | 47.49 (14.55) | 44.70 (14.33) | 48.95 (14.46) | < 0.001 | 0.296 | 47.33 (14.47) | 47.37 (14.63) | 0.647 | 0.002 |
Sex | < 0.001 | 0.026 | 0.667 | 0.002 | |||||
Male | 86,158 (46.4) | 30,163 (47.2) | 55,995 (45.9) | 29,410.2 (46.2) | 56,651.3 (46.3) | ||||
Female | 99,642 (53.6) | 33,697 (52.8) | 65,945 (54.1) | 34,217.3 (53.8) | 65,610.6 (53.7) | ||||
Ethnic | 0.849 | 0.001 | 0.839 | 0.001 | |||||
Han | 184,174 (99.1) | 63,297 (99.1) | 120,877 (99.1) | 63,047.2 (99.1) | 121,159.5 (99.1) | ||||
Minorities | 1626 (0.9) | 563 (0.9) | 1063 (0.9) | 580.3 (0.9) | 1102.5 (0.9) | ||||
Marital status | < 0.001 | 0.169 | < 0.001 | 0.054 | |||||
Never married | 51,157 (27.5) | 19,052 (29.8) | 32,105 (26.3) | 16,638.0 (26.1) | 33,706.7 (27.6) | ||||
Married | 115,556 (62.2) | 37,925 (59.4) | 77,631 (63.7) | 40,841.5 (64.2) | 75,643.4 (61.9) | ||||
Widowed | 8857 (4.8) | 2225 (3.5) | 6632 (5.4) | 2657.3 (4.2) | 6053.7 (5.0) | ||||
Divorced | 10,230 (5.5) | 4658 (7.3) | 5572 (4.6) | 3490.7 (5.5) | 6858.1 (5.6) | ||||
Urbanicity | < 0.001 | 0.596 | 0.502 | 0.003 | |||||
Rural | 150,631 (81.1) | 41,745 (65.4) | 108,886 (89.3) | 51,516.0 (81.0) | 98,825.1 (80.8) | ||||
Urban | 35,169 (18.9) | 22,115 (34.6) | 13,054 (10.7) | 12,111.5 (19.0) | 23,436.9 (19.2) | ||||
Education level | < 0.001 | 0.511 | < 0.001 | 0.028 | |||||
Primary school or lower | 123,532 (66.5) | 32,709 (51.2) | 90,823 (74.5) | 42,227.8 (66.4) | 81,309.6 (66.5) | ||||
Middle and high school | 58,526 (31.5) | 28,444 (44.5) | 30,082 (24.7) | 20,169.5 (31.7) | 38,112.7 (31.2) | ||||
College/university or higher | 3742 (2.0) | 2707 (4.2) | 1035 (0.8) | 1230.3 (1.9) | 2839.6 (2.3) | ||||
Economic situation | < 0.001 | 0.301 | 0.954 | < 0.001 | |||||
Poverty | 120,102 (64.6) | 35,237 (55.2) | 84,865 (69.6) | 41,050.8 (64.5) | 78,862.6 (64.5) | ||||
Non-poverty | 65,698 (35.4) | 28,623 (44.8) | 37,075 (30.4) | 22,576.7 (35.5) | 43,399.3 (35.5) | ||||
Clinical characteristics | |||||||||
Family history of psychiatric illness | < 0.001 | 0.061 | 0.945 | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 8737 (4.7) | 3551 (5.6) | 5186 (4.3) | 2984.7 (4.7) | 5726.0 (4.7) | ||||
No | 177,063 (95.3) | 60,309 (94.4) | 116,754 (95.7) | 60,642.8 (95.3) | 116,536.0 (95.3) | ||||
Duration of illness | |||||||||
mean (SD), years | 12.78 (11.17) | 11.61 (10.42) | 13.39 (11.49) | < 0.001 | 0.163 | 12.39 (11.08) | 12.66 (11.14) | < 0.001 | 0.024 |
< 10 | 92,619 (49.8) | 34,415 (53.9) | 58,204 (47.7) | < 0.001 | 0.157 | 32,508.0 (51.1) | 61,783.9 (50.5) | 0.068 | 0.015 |
10 ~ 19 | 48,991 (26.4) | 16,595 (26.0) | 32,396 (26.6) | 16,500.7 (25.9) | 32,013.7 (26.2) | ||||
20 ~ 29 | 27,489 (14.8) | 8542 (13.4) | 18,947 (15.5) | 9201.5 (14.5) | 17,652.2 (14.4) | ||||
≥ 30 | 16,701 (9.0) | 4308 (6.7) | 12,393 (10.2) | 5417.3 (8.5) | 10,812.1 (8.8) | ||||
History of self-inflicted violence behaviors | |||||||||
History of suicide attempt at baseline | < 0.001 | 0.034 | 0.032 | 0.014 | |||||
Yes | 851 (0.5) | 259 (0.4) | 592 (0.5) | 252.3 (0.4) | 596.5 (0.5) | ||||
No | 172,068 (92.6) | 58,829 (92.1) | 113,239 (92.9) | 58,915.7 (92.6) | 113,188.7 (92.6) | ||||
Unknown | 12,881 (6.9) | 4772 (7.5) | 8109 (6.6) | 4459.5 (7.0) | 8476.7 (6.9) | ||||
History of NSSI at baseline | < 0.001 | 0.040 | 0.070 | 0.013 | |||||
Yes | 809 (0.4) | 198 (0.3) | 611 (0.5) | 240.0 (0.4) | 560.2 (0.5) | ||||
No | 171,471 (92.3) | 58,714 (91.9) | 112,757 (92.5) | 58,711.1 (92.3) | 112,801.7 (92.3) | ||||
Unknown | 13,520 (7.3) | 4948 (7.7) | 8572 (7.0) | 4676.4 (7.3) | 8900.0 (7.3) | ||||
History of suicide attempt during follow-up | < 0.001 | 0.022 | 0.736 | 0.002 | |||||
Yes | 1112 (0.6) | 313 (0.5) | 799 (0.7) | 389.7 (0.6) | 730.0 (0.6) | ||||
No | 184,688 (99.4) | 63,547 (99.5) | 121,141 (99.3) | 63,237.8 (99.4) | 121,531.9 (99.4) | ||||
History of NSSI during follow-up | < 0.001 | 0.052 | 0.745 | 0.002 | |||||
Yes | 1392 (0.7) | 300 (0.5) | 1,092 (0.9) | 465.0 (0.7) | 914.5 (0.7) | ||||
No | 184,408 (99.3) | 63,560 (99.5) | 120,848 (99.1) | 63,162.5 (99.3) | 121,347.4 (99.3) |